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[主观题]

A. It has a broadly based tax structure an important point. B. In 1992 it produced

more oil than Colorado and Kansas combined. C. However, the extractive mineral industry in New Mexico is one of the state's strongest economic forces. D. During fiscal year 1992 New Mexico raised permanent funds worth about $6.1 billion. E. the combined value of oil and gas production was $ 2. 8 billion. F. Some 16, 000 employees work in the extractive industries and their wages are among the highest of any major industry. G. the $39 million earned by these funds in 1991 was used to finance education and other public services. H. Only S 25 million came from agricultural taxes. I. New Mexico's extractive mineral industries contribute about a third of the state's $ 1. 9 billion general-fund income in fiscal year 1991.PART THREE

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第1题

选出应填入下面一段英语中______内的正确答案。 With hundreds of rrullions of electronic （1) taking

选出应填入下面一段英语中______内的正确答案。

With hundreds of rrullions of electronic(1)taking place daily, businesses and organizations have a strong incentive to protect the(2)of the data exchanged in this manner, and to positively ensure the(3)of those involved in the transactions. This has led to an industry-wide quest for better, more secure methods for controlling IT operations, and for deploying strong security mechanisms deeply and broadly throughout networked infrastructures and client devices. One of the more successful concepts to engage the imaginations of the security community has been the development of standards-based security(4)that can be incorporated in the hardware design of client computers. The principle of encapsulating core security capabilities in(5)and integrating security provisions at the deepest levels of the machine operation has significant benefits for both users and those responsible for securing IT operations.

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第2题

听力原文：I have to tell it was another down day on Wall Street, ending a down week. Earlie

r in the week it was the Subprime Mortgage story, now renewed concerns about inflation, consumer prices rose a little bit more than expected in February, and that has investors worded, partly because the Fed is unlikely to cut interest rates while prices are on the rise. So as a result, stocks ended broadly lower today, taking a look at the Big Board at the New York Exchange, the Dow lost 49 points, the NASDAQ Composite fell 0.25%, the S&P 500 dropped more than 1/3 %.

Which of the following statement is true？

A．It was a down week on Wall Street.

B．Consumer prices dropped a little bit more than expected in February.

C．The Fed is likely to cut interest rates.

D．Investors were not worried about the inflation.

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第3题

回答{TSE}题： We all know that the normal human daily cycle of activity is ofsome 7-8 hours

' sleep allernating with some 16-17 hours' wakefulness and that,broadly speaking, the sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness. Ourpresent concern is with how easily and to what extent this cycle can bemodified. The question is no more academic one. The case, for example,with which people can change from working in the day to working at night is aquestion of growing importance in industry where automation calls insistentlyfor round-the-clock working of machines. It normally takes from five days toone week for a person to adapt to a reversed routine of sleep and wakefulness,sleeping during the day and working at night. Unfortunately it is often thecase in industry that shifts are changed every week; a person may work from 12midnight to 8 a. m. one week , 8 a. m. to 4 p. m. the next, and 4 p. m. to 12 midnightthe third and so on. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routinethan he has to change to another, so that much of his time is spent neitherworking nor sleeping very efficiently. One answer would seem to be longer periods on each shift, amonth, or even three months. Recent research by Bonier of the Netherlands,however, has shows that people on such systems will revert to their normalhabits of sleep and wakefulness during the weekend and that this is quiteenough to destroy any adaptation to night work built up during the week. The only real solution appears to be to hand over the nightshift to a corps of permanent night workers whose nocturnal wakefulness maypersist through all weekend and holidays. An interesting study of the domesticlife and health of night-shift workers was carried out by Brown. She found ahigh incidence of disturbed sleep, digestive disorder and domestic disruptionamong those on alternating day and night shifts, but no abnormal occurrence ofthese symptoms among those on permanent night work. {TS}The question raised in paragraph 1 is "no moreacademic one"

A. because Bonjer's findings are different from Browns.

B. because sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness.

C. because some people can change their sleeping habits easily.

D. because shift work in industry requires people to changetheir sleeping habits.

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第4题

Section D听力原文：Broadly speaking, there are two types of paintings: representational and

Section D

听力原文： Broadly speaking, there are two types of paintings: representational and abstract. The former portrays specific, recognizable physical objects.

For most of history, the primary purpose of painting had been to portray images. Starting with the Post-Impressionists, however, the emphasis began to shift to unconscious feeling.

There are two types of abstract paintings. "Abstracted" paintings may not look realistic, but you can get an idea of what you are looking at. "Pure" abstract paintings are just shapes, colors, lines, patterns, and so on.

In truth, there is a lot more to abstract art than what meets the eye. To truly appreciate a work of art, you need to understand there must be context involved and a particular environment created. More importantly, art allows us indirect access to our inner psyche. Great art affords a way to get in touch with the unconscious part of our existence, even if we don't realize what we are doing.

The reason abstract art has the potential to be so powerful is that it keeps the conscious distractions to a minimum. This, of course, only works if you cooperate with the artist. If you are to truly appreciate a work of art, you must be willing to let yourself go, to put yourself in the hands of the artist, so to speak, and let him take you wherever he wants.

Broadly speaking, there are two types of paintings :【21】and abstract. The former portrays specific, recognizable physical objects.

For most of history, the primary purpose of painting had been to portray images. Starting with the Post-Impressionists, however, the【22】began to shift to unconscious feeling.

There are two types of abstract paintings. "【23】" paintings may not look realistic, but you can get an idea of what you are looking at. "【24】" abstract paintings are just shapes, colors, lines, patterns ,, and so on.

In truth, there is a lot more to abstract art than what meets the eye. To truly appreciate a work of art, you need to understand there must be【25】involved and a particular【26】created. More importantly, art allows us indirect access to our inner【27】. Great art affords a way to get in touch with the unconscious part of our【28】, even if we don't realize what we are doing.

The reason abstract art has the【29】to be so powerful is that i: keeps the conscious distractions to a minimum. This, of course, only works if you【30】with the artist. If you are to truly appreciate a work of art, you must be willing to let yourself go, to put yourself in the hands of the artist, so to speak, and let him take you wherever he wants.

(21)

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第5题

Ocean freight rate may be broadly divided into tramp rate and liner freight rate. Tramp rate includi

A.A. Tramp rate including( ).

B.B. fixed cost

C.C. variable cost

D.D. insurance cost

E.E. fuel cost

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第6题

We all know that the normal human daily cycle of activity is some 7—8 hours' sleep alterna

ting with some 16—17 hours' wakefulness and that, broadly speaking, the sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness. Our present concern is how easily and to what extent this cycle can be modified.

The question is no more academic one. The ease, for example, with which people can change from working in the day to working at night, is a question of growing importance in industries where automation calls for round-the-clock working of machines. It normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to a reversed routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. Unfortunately, it is often the case in industries where shifts are changed every week; a person may work from 12 midnight to 8 a.m. one week, 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. the next, and 4 p.m. to 12 midnight the third and soon. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine than he has to change to another, so that much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very efficiently.

The only real solution appears to be to hand over the night shift to a number of permanent

night workers. An interesting study of the domestic life and health of night-shift workers was carried out by Brown in 1957. She found a high incidence of disturbed sleep and other disorders among those on alternating day and night shifts, but no abnormal occurrence of these phenomena among those on permanent night work.

This latter system then appears to be the best long-term policy, but meanwhile something may be done to relieve the strains of alternate day and night work by selecting those people who can adapt most quickly to the changes of routine. One way of knowing when a person has adapted is by measuring his body temperature. People engaged in normal daytime work will have a high temperature during the hours of wakefulness and a low one at night; when they change to night work, the pattern will only gradually go back to match the new routine and the speed with which it does so parallels, broadly speaking, the adaptation of the body as a whole, particularly in terms of performance. Therefore, by taking body temperature at intervals of two hours throughout the period of wakefulness it can be seen how quickly a person can adapt to a reversed routine, and this could be used as a basis for selection. So far, however, such a form. of selection does not seem to have been applied in practice.

Why is the question of "how easily people can get used to working at night" not a mere academic question？

A．Because few people like to reverse the cycle of sleep and wakefulness.

B．Because shift work in industries requires people to change their sleeping habits.

C．Because people are required to work at night.in some fields of industries.

D．Because sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness.

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第7题

In our time it is broadly true that political writing is bad writing. Where it is not tru

e, it will generally be found that the writer is some kinds of rebel,【M1】______ expressing his private opinions and not a "party line." Orthodoxy, of whichever【M2】______ color, seems to demand a lifeless, imitative style. The political dialects to be found in pamphlets, leading articles, manifestoes, white papers and the speeches of undersecretaries do, of course, vary from party to party, but they are all like in that one almost never finds in them a fresh, vivid, home-【M3】______ made turn of speaking. When one watches some tired hack on the platform【M4】______ mechanically repeated the familiar phrases, one often has a curious feeling【M5】______ that one is not watching live human being but some kind of dummy: a feeling【M6】______ which suddenly becomes stronger at moments when the light catches the speakers spectacles and turns them to blank discs which seem to have no eyes【M7】______ behind them. And this is not altogether fanciful. A speaker who uses that kind of phraseology has gone some distance toward turning him into a ma-【M8】______ chine. The appropriate noises are coming out of his larynx, but his brain is not involved as it would be if he was choosing his words for himself. If the【M9】______ speech he is making up is one that he is accustomed to make over and over【M10】______ again, he may be almost unconscious of what he is saying, as one is when one utters the responses in church.

【M1】

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第8题

I dont get five good, genuine,personal letters a year. The time is coming when the lette

r written with penand ink and sent as a personal message from one person to another will be as muchof a rarity as the gold pocket watch carried on a chain. Its a shame.

There is something special abouta personal letter. Its better than a phone call, no matter what the telephonecompany says. A phone call disappears into the air as soon as the receiver is putback on the hook. A good letter can last a lifetime.

Some of my most preciouspossessions are letters that have been written to me sometime in the past. Idont have a single memorable phone call stored in a box in my attic() or basement. Ivenever thrown away a good letter and, like any real treasure, I dont even haveto look at them to enjoy having them. I know I have them. The telephone callscome and go. They make no permanent impression on me and have no place in mymemory.

A personal letter is a good thingbecause you say things you cant say in a crowd and might not even say to theperson face to face. If you feel like it, a letter allows you to take yourselfand your thoughts more seriously than you would dare take them in conversation.And you can say things without interruption.

A good letter is, in many ways,the exact opposite of a political speech. A politician addressing a crowd hasto talk so broadly and generally about the issues in order not to offendanyone of the thousands of people listening that he usually ends up sayingnothing. A letter can be specific, and if the writer has some bias orprejudice, he can even reveal his true self by letting this show. Writing afriend, you shouldnt have to be careful. Abraham Lincolns letter to hisstep-brother telling him he wasnt going to loan him the eighty dollars heasked for tells you more about Abraham Lincoln than the Gettysburg Addressdoes.

Some of our best history has comethat way, from personal letters of famous people that scholars have dug up. Youget a better idea of what someone is really like from a personal letter theywerent expecting you to read than you get from a carefully considered publicstatement theyve made. We say real things in letters.

36.What is a shame according to the author？

A. People sometimes write letters with pen and ink.

B. People hardly carry a gold pocket watch.

C. People never receive anypersonal letters.

D. People rarely send any personal letters.

37.Whats the main idea of paragraphs 2 and 3？

A. What a good personal letter is.

B. What advantage personal letters have.

C. Why people dont write personal letters.

D. Why writing personal letters is so special.

38.What do “issues” in paragraph 5 mean？ .

A. The key points of a political speech.

B. The speakers bias and prejudice.

C. Problems that the audiences have.

D.Questions thatarise for discussion.

39.Why does the author use Abraham Lincolns example？

A. To show that a political address has to be general.

B. To show that letter writing sometimes offends people.

C. To show that people say real things in personal letters.

D. To show that even a great man has his dark side.

40.Whats the best word to describe the tone of the author？

A. Objective

B. Persuasive

C. Humorous

D. Ironic

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第9题

A close analogy to a study design is the rough sketch made by an artist before he commits

his vision to canvas(画布). The broad outlines are drawn, the proper perspective achieved, and the total impact of the picture-to-be can be partially appreciated in advance. So it is with the design of research: it specifies in advance the kinds of statements that can be made on the basis of its findings and fixes the perspectives against which these findings are to be evaluated.

One major purpose of this study was to demonstrate whether or not the newer social re search techniques could help in broadening and deepening knowledge concerning juvenile delinquency(少年犯罪). Construction of the design was guided by this goal of exploring new methods ill the analysis of juvenile delinquency. However, research technique developed in one content area can not be mechanically transferred to another. A new application of them requires substantial changes and it is these innovative modifications which this study offers as its contribution.

Juvenile delinquency has been the subject of many previous studies using a variety of re search techniques. This study makes an additional contribution by using a design specially planned to permit a comparison of several approaches.

The drawing-up of the study design profited greatly from an extensive survey of previous researches on crime, undertaken during the earliest stage of the project. It was found that most studies could be classified as belonging to one or more of three broadly conceived types: social background study, family background study and personal motivation study.

Each type has its characteristic design and mode of interpretation and each has produced information of considerable importance. Yet no attempt was made in any of the studies to integrate one or more of these three design types. It became apparent that one of the major contributions a pilot study could make to both method and substantive findings would be to bring all three study types together in one design for the purpose of correlating(使相互关联) their find rugs and evaluating their relative importance in producing data of use to the practitioner.

In the first paragraph, the author draws an analogy between ______.

A．doing research and drawing a picture

B．research finding and picture perspective

C．designing a research and making a quick drawing

D．a researcher and a painter

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第10题

Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers？ The American Society

of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question. The organization is deep into a long self-analysis known as the journalism credibility project.

Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.

But the sources of distrust go way deeper. Most journalists learn to see the world through a set of standard templates (patterns) into which they plug each day's events. In other words, there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and already-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news.

There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and their readers, which helps explain why the "standard templates" of the newsroom seem alien to many readers. In a recent survey, questionnaires were sent to reporters in five middle-size cities around the country, plus one large metropolitan area. Then residents in these communities were phoned at random and asked the same questions.

Replies show that compared with other Americans, journalists are more likely to live in upscale neighborhoods, have maids, own Mercedeses, and trade stocks, and they're less likely to go to church, do volunteer work, or put down roots in a community. Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social and cultural elite, so their work tends to reflect the conventional values of this elite. The astonishing distrust of the news media isn't rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily clash of world views between reporters and their readers.

This is an explosive situation for any industry, particularly a declining one. Here is a troubled business that keeps hiring employees whose attitudes vastly annoy the customers. Then it sponsors lots of symposiums and a credibility project dedicated to wondering why customers are annoyed and fleeing in large numbers. But it never seems to get around to noticing the cultural and class biases that so many former buyers are complaining about. If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values, education, and class.

What is the passage mainly about？

A．Needs of the readers all over the world.

B．Causes of the public disappointment about newspapers.

C．Origins of the declining newspaper industry.

D．Aims of a journalism credibility project.

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