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Although most of us believe that we communicate almost exclusively with words, research ha

s shown that nonverbal communication is at least as important. Gestures and tone of voice are important cues in determining others' responses to us. Individuals who are not aware of information conveyed nonverbally are at a social disadvantage. In fact, children who fail to "read" such messages tend to be unpopular and underachievers. Children who are overeager or speak loudly, for example, may offend other children, or adults. When they fail to adjust their behavior. on the basis of others' responses, they aggravate the situation.

Adults may offend their peers also by their inattention to nonverbal responses. The sense of personal space varies among individuals and cultures. The salesman who puts his arm around the shoulder of a prospective buyer should realize the possible consequences of his gesture. Physical contact conveys sense of intimacy that the relationship may or may not warrant. Standing very close to someone during a face-to-face conversation may produce a negative reaction. In fact, you may observe the person back away.

Practice and traditions are more permissive in some cultures than in ours. In most situations, those people of power often take or receive more space. Think of the teacher whose large desk is surrounded by more space than the students' smaller desks.

Tone of voice also conveys messages and emotions. "Beautiful" may be used to describe bouquet of roses or a black eye, but the tone of voice will not be the same. "Thanks a lot" can be said with genuine gratitude or with sarcasm.

Dog trainers report that dogs respond to tone of voice than to the particular words that are said. Dogs are often praised in a consistent tone of voice that may be slightly high-pitched and somewhat singsong. They will respond to this tone of voice with wagging tails even if the words don't match.

The main point of the article is that

A．dogs and humans communicate the same way.

B．gestures and tone of voice convey a great deal of information.

C．our system of communication is changing rapidly.

D．only human beings are capable of verbal communication.

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更多“Although most of us believe th…”相关的问题

第1题

Although most nations around the world have agreed upon GSM data transmission protocol for

cellphones, the US has avoided official ______.

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第2题

Although most of us think of the brain as a single framework, it is actually divided into

two halves.

A．shell

B．container

C．structure

D．part

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第3题

Most Adults in US Have Low Risk of Heart DiseaseMore than 80 percent of US adults have a l

Most Adults in US Have Low Risk of Heart Disease

More than 80 percent of US adults have a less than 10-percent risk of developing heart disease in the next 10 years, according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology. Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent.

"I hope that these numbers will give physicians, researchers, health policy analysts, and others a better idea of how coronary heart disease is distributed in the US population," lead author Dr. Earl S. Ford. from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, said in a statement.

The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects, between 20 and 79 years of age, who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1988 to 1994.

Overall, 82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent, 15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent, and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent.

The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age, and men were more likely than women to be in this group. By contrast, race or ethnicity had little effect on risk distributions.

Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10-year risk of heart disease, a large proportion have a high or immediate risk, Dr. Daniel S. Berman, from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, and Dr. Nathan D. Wong, from the University of California at Irvine, note in a related editorial.

Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward, they add.

The 10-year risk of heart disease is low for most US adults.

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

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第4题

Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and t

o determine where we "fit" in society. As we go about our everyday lives, we mentally attempt to place people in terms of their statuses. For example, we must judge whether the person in the library is a reader or a librarian, and whether the unfamiliar person on our property is a thief or a meter reader.

The statuses we assume often【C1】______with the people we encounter, and change throughout life. Most of us can, at very high speed,【C2】______the statuses that various situations require. Much of social【C3】______consists of identifying and selecting among【C4】______statuses and【C5】______other people to assume their statuses【C6】______relation to us. This means that we【C7】______our actions to those of other people based on a constant mental process of【C8】______and interpretation. Although some of us find the task more【C9】______than others, most of us perform【C10】______rather effortlessly.

A status has been【C11】______to ready-made clothes. Within certain limits, the buyer can choose style. and【C12】______. But an American is not【C13】______to choose the costume of a Chinese peasant or【C14】______of a Hindu prince. We must choose from among the clothing【C15】______by our society. Furthermore, our choice is limited to a size that will fit,【C16】______by our pocketbook. Having made a choice within these limits we can have certain【C17】______made, but apart from minor【C18】______, we tend to be limited to what the stores have on their【C19】______. Statuses too come ready made, and the【C20】______of choice among them is limited.

【C1】

A．vary

B．stabilize

C．differentiate

D．maintain

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第5题

听力原文：Most people feel lonely sometimes. But it usually only lasts between a few minute

听力原文： Most people feel lonely sometimes. But it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact, it is quite normal. For some people though, loneliness can last for years. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness.

The first kind of loneliness is temporary. This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation--for example, a family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year. The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, chronic loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their conditions. Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person's social contacts, e.g. , friends, family members, co-workers, etc. We depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our friends share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their own popularity.

(30)

A．Types of Loneliness.

B．Causes of Loneliness.

C．Solutions to Loneliness.

D．Loneliness.

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第6题

Gun Rights in the US Immediately after the shooting at Virginia Tech University, Americans

Gun Rights in the US

Immediately after the shooting at Virginia Tech University, Americans gathered to mourn the dead. The president and the state governor both hurried there to share the 51 . But the majority of Americans still cling to their right to 52weapons.

Strictly speaking, the US is not the only country 53 gun violence has destroyed lives, families and communities in everyday circumstance. But the US is one of the 54 countries that seems unwilling and politically incapable of doing anything serious to stop it.

In countries like Britain and Canada, the government adopted stricter 55 control soon after serious gun violence incidents. US leaders, however, are held 56 by the gun lobby and the electoral system.

The powerful National Rifle Association, the major supporter of gun 57 in the US, is too strong for any party to take on. Most Republicans oppose gun controls anyway. 58 the years, the Democrats have found that they can either campaign for gun control or win power, not __59; they prefer power.

According to the US Bureau of Justice Statistics, firearm incidents accounted 60 nine percent of the 4.7 million violent crimes in 2005. So, although opinion polls show most Americans want stricter gun laws, many don't want to give up their arms they 61 to protect themselves.

Dave Hancock, a Virginia gun lover, is one example. In an interview he said. "If one professor in Virginia incident had been carrying a legal weapon they might have been able to 62 all this." In his opinion, the massacre is an argument for more people to carry weapons, not fewer.

But at the root of Americans' clinging to the right to bear arms is not just a fear of crime, but a mistrust of 63 , commented UK's Guardian newspaper.

One Virginia resident, who had a permit to carry a concealed firearm, told the Guardian that it was 64 American's responsibility to have a gun.

"Each person," he said, "should not rely solely 65 the government for protection."

51__

A) ceremony B) funeral C) tears D) grief

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第7题

Gun Rights in the USImmediately after the shooting at Virginia Tech University, Americans

Gun Rights in the US

Immediately after the shooting at Virginia Tech University, Americans gathered to mourn the dead. The president and the state governor both hurried there to share the(51). But the majority of Americans still cling to their right to(52)weapons.

Strictly speaking, the US is not the only country(53)gun violence has destroyed lives, families and communities in everyday circumstance. But the US is one of the(54)countries that seems unwilling and politically incapable of doing anything serious to stop it.

In countries like Britain and Canada, the government adopted stricter(55)control soon after serious gun violence incidents. US leaders, however, are held(56)by the gun lobby and the electoral system.

The powerful National Rifle Association, the major supporter of gun(57)in the US, is too strong for any party to take on. Most Republicans oppose gun controls anyway.(58)the years, the Democrats have found that they can either campaign for gun control or win power, not(59); they prefer power.

According to the US Bureau of Justice Statistics, firearm incidents accounted(60)nine percent of the 4.7 million violent crimes in 2005. So, although opinion polls show most Americans want stricter gun laws, many don't want to give up their arms they(61)to protect themselves.

Dave Hancock, a Virginia gun lover, is one example. In an interview he said. "If one professor in Virginia incident had been carrying a legal weapon they might have been able to(62)all this." In his opinion, the massacre is an argument for more people to carry weapons, not fewer.

But at the root of Americans' clinging to the right to bear arms is not just a fear of crime, but a mistrust of(63), commented UK's Guardian newspaper.

One Virginia resident, who had a permit to carry a concealed firearm, told the Guardian that it was(64)American's responsibility to have a gun.

"Each person," he said, "should not rely solely(65)the government for protection."

A．ceremony

B．funeral

C．tears

D．grief

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第8题

Futurologists have not been very precise about how and how much digital media will change

our lives. Most of comments have focused on the expectation that consumers will soon be able to use their TV or PC to shop, bank and order movies from their armchairs. Commentators envisage more dramatic change to everyday life. Nucholas Negroponte, director of MIT's Media Lab, believes that a key development over the next five years will be the "personalization" of the computer, with wearable devices such as a wrist-mounted TV, computer and telephone. Peter Cochrane, head of research at British Telecom, looks further ahead, asking us to "imagine a virtual reality interface, with your visual context flooded by information from spectacle-mounted or contact lenses augmented by directional audio input, tactile gloves and prosthetic arms and fingers that will give you the sensation of touch, resistance and weight".

Historically, enthusiasts for new technologies have usually been over-optimistic about the speed of change. Most new technologies take longer to be adopted by the general public than these enthusiast experts, although there have been exceptions: once they had reached critical mass, VCRs and mobile phones took off faster than most experts predicted. Arguably, everyday life in the advanced economies changed more between the 1880s and the 1930s than in the last fifty years or, possibly, the next. Nevertheless, it is valid to talk about a digital "revolution", since the extent of change is dramatic by many standards and digital technology is its biggest single driving force. Even if the enthusiasts overstate how quickly things will change, they may turn out to be right about the scale of that change.

At this stage, no one knows how the digital revolution will develop. Although the technology itself is now becoming somewhat more predictable, exactly how, and how fast things will change will depend not Only on technological developments but also on the policies of key commercial and political players, especially in the US, Less predictable is how enthusiastically consumers will take to this technology on an everyday, mass market scale. Least predictable are the sociocultural and geopolitical responses: Will the digital revolution lead to greater international understanding or bitter rivalry？ Will it encourage materialism and erode religious belief, or lead to religious backlash？ Will it make people happier？

What is the passage mainly about？

A．The likely impact of digital technology on everyday life.

B．The improvements made in the world of mass communication.

C．The applications of digital media in businesses and our lives.

D．The overoptimistic feelings people hold about the new technologies.

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第9题

When we think of entrepreneurs, most of us imagine【C1】______, successful, over-achievers l

ike Bill Gates of Microsoft, Richard Branson of Virgin Airlines, Inc. or Jim Boyle of Columbia Sportswear, to【C2】______a few contemporary heroes. The【C3】______is that we often fail to【C4】______entrepreneurs all around us: the corner grocery store owner, the family【C5】______who opens a medical【C6】______in our neighborhood, or the young person who【C7】______the morning paper.【C8】______is creating business opportunities【C9】______entrepreneurship, although the【C10】______of entrepreneurship would be markedly different from each other. According to Jeffery Timmons, author of "New Venture Creation", there are three【C11】______components for a successful new【C12】______: the opportunity, the entrepreneur, and the【C13】______needed to start the company and make it grow. The opportunity is the【C14】______for a new business. The entrepreneur is the person who develops the idea for a【C15】______into a business. Resources include money, people and skill. In this part, we【C16】______on entrepreneurs, one of the critical【C17】______for success of a new business.. Who are they？ What makes them【C18】______？ one factor which【C19】______Bill Gates from the morning paper deliverer is the level of business success each desires to achieve. Determining【C20】______success means to you is a crucial element in the early stages of new venture planning.

【C1】

A．superficial

B．dynamic

C．rigid

D．doubtful

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第10题

Career planning does not necessarily follow routine or logical steps.Each of us places wei

Career planning does not necessarily follow routine or logical steps.

Each of us places weight on different factors and may consider certain

phases of career planning at different time. Career planning includes gathering【M1】______

information about ourselves and about occupations, estimating the probable

outcomes of various courses of action, and finally, choose alternatives

that we find attractive and feasible. 【M2】______

But career planning does not guarantee that all the problems, difficulties,

or decision-making situations that faces you in the future will be 【M3】 ______

solved or made any easier. No formula can be given to do that. But career

planning should help you to approach and cope better in new problems,

such as deciding whether or not to enter educational or training programs, 【M4】 ______

deciding whether or not to change jobs, and analyzed the difficulties you

are having with a situation or a person. 【M5】 ______

Nobody can foresee what the future holds for any of us. There is

social, emotional, and moral considerations in our future that cannot 【M6】 ______

be foreseen. But the most important lessons of this often unhappy 【M7】 ______

modern world is what progress comes from planning. Ignorance 【M8】 ______

at one's career is not bliss(洪福). Reason is better than chance and fate. 【M9】 ______

Although there is no sure way to make career plans to work out, there are

things that you can do now to shape your career possibilities. 【M10】 ______

【M1】

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第11题

American SportsThe United States is a sports-loving nation. Sports in America take a varie

American Sports

The United States is a sports-loving nation. Sports in America take a variety of forms: organized competitive struggles, which draw huge crowds to cheer their favorite team to victory; athletic games, played for recreation anywhere sufficient space is found; and hunting and fishing. Most sports are seasonal, so that what is happening in sports depends upon the time of year. Some sports are called spectator sports, as the number of spectators greatly exceeds the number playing in the game.

Baseball is the most popular sport in the US. It is played throughout the spring and summer, and professional baseball teams play well into the fall. Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket.

Football is the most popular sport in the fall. The game originated as a college sport more than 75 years ago. It is still played by almost every college and university in the country, and the football stadiums of some of the largest universities seat as many as 80,000 people. The game is not the same as European football or soccer. In American football there are 11 players on each team, and they are dressed in padded uniforms and helmets because the game is rough and injuries are likely to occur.

Basketball is the winter sport in American schools and colleges. Like football, basketball originated in the US and is not popular in other countries. Many Americans prefer it to football because it is played indoors throughout the winter and because it is a faster game. It is a very popular game with high schools, and in more than 20 states, state-wide high school matches are held yearly.

Other spectator sports include wrestling, boxing, and horse racing. Although horse-racing fans call themselves sportsmen, the accuracy of the term is questionable, as only the jockeys who ride the horses in the races can be considered athletes. The so-called sportsmen are the spectators, who do "not assemble" primarily to see the horses race, hut to bet upon the outcome of each race. Gambling is the attraction of horse racing.

Hunting and fishing are mainly favored by men, young and old, in the US.

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

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