题目内容
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To define science we may simply call it ______.
A．the study of unrelated fields
B．classified knowledge
C．the study of unrelated subjects
D．an attempt to explain natural phenomena
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更多“To define science we may simpl…”相关的问题
A．art is often romantic when it is opposed to science
B．art is often opposed to science when it is romantic
C．art can often be romantic when we clearly define it
D．science is often romantic when it is clearly defined
Even in true sciences, distinguishing tact from fiction is not always easy. For this reason great care should be taken to distinguish between beliefs and truths. For example, hypotheses and theories are attempts to explain natural phenomena. From these positions scientists continue to experiment and observe until they are proved. The exact status of any explanation should be clearly labeled to avoid confusion.
The objectives of science are primarily the discovery and the subsequent understanding of the unknown. Man cannot be satisfied with recognizing that secrets exist in nature or that questions are unanswerable; he must solve them. Toward that end specialists in the field of biology and related fields of interest are directing much of their time and energy.
Actually, two basic approaches lead to the discovery of new information. One, aimed at satisfying curiosity, is referred to as pure science. The other is aimed at using knowledge for specific purposes such as improving health, or creating new consumer products. In this case knowledge is put to economic use. Such an approach is referred to as applied science.
Sometimes practical-minded people miss the point of pure science in thinking only of its immediate application for economic reward. Chemists responsible for discoveries could hardly anticipated that their findings would one day result in applications of such a practical nature as those directly related to life and death. The discovery of one bit of information opens the door to the discovery of another. However, one should remember that the construction of the microscope had to precede the discovery of the cell. Many scientists dedicating their lives to pure science are not apologetic about ignoring the practical side of their discoveries; they know from experience that most knowledge is eventually applied.
To define science, we can simply name it as ______.
A．the study of nature and mankind
B．an attempt to pose and prove hypotheses and theories
C．categorized knowledge
D．the study of unrelated natural phenomena
At this point we raise the troublesome methodological question, "What is a fact？" While the word looks deceptively simple, it is not easy to distinguish a fact from a widely shared illusion. Suppose we define a fact as a descriptive Statement upon which all qualified observers are in agreement. By this definition, medieval ghosts were a fact, since all medieval observers agreed that ghosts were real. There is, therefore, no way to be sure that a fact is an accurate description and not a mistaken impression. Research would be easier if facts were dependable, unshakable certainties. Since they are not, the best we can do is to recognize that a fact is a descriptive statement of reality which scientists, after careful examination and cross-checking, agree in believing to be accurate.
Since science is based on verifiable evidence, science can deal only with questions about which verifiable evidence can be found. Questions like "Is there a God？" "What is the purpose and destiny of man？" or "What makes a thing beautiful？" are not scientific questions because they can not be treated factually. Such questions may be terribly important, but the scientific method has not tools for handling them. Scientists can study human beliefs about God, or man's destiny, or beauty, or anything else, and they may study the personal and social consequences of such beliefs; but these are studies of human behavior, with no attempt to settle the truth or error of the beliefs themselves.
Science then does not have answers for everything, and many important questions are not scientific questions. The scientific method is our most reliable source of factual knowledge about human behavior. and the natural universe, but science with its dependence upon verifiable factual evidence cannot answer questions about value, or esthetics, or purpose and ultimate meaning, or supernatural phenomena. Answers to such questions must be sought in philosophy, metaphysics, or religion.
Each scientific conclusion represents the most reasonable interpretation of all the available evidence—but new evidence may appear tomorrow. Therefore science has no absolute truths. An absolute truth is one which will hold true for all times, places, or circumstances. All scientific truth is tentative, subject to revision in the light of new evidence. Some scientific conclusions (e.g., that the earth is a spheroid; or that innate drives are culturally conditioned) are based upon such a large and consistent body of evidence that scientists doubt that they will ever be overturned by new evidence. Yet the scientific method requires that all conclusions be open to reexamination whenever new evidence is found to challenge them.
The central idea of the passage is
A．scientific knowledge is based on verifiable evidence.
B．science does not have answers for verifiable evidence.
C．science has no absolute truths.
D．the scientific method requires that all conclusions be open to reexamination whenever new evidence is found to challenge them.
In analyzing a problem we should do all the following except ______.
A．recognize and define the problem
B．look for information to make the problem clearer
C．have suggestions for a possible solution
D．find a solution by trial or mistake
Why do we say linguistics is a science？(北外2011研)
We need to know something about the structure and operation of science because ______.
A．it is not easy to understand the things that excite and frustrate scientists
B．science affects almost every aspect of our life
C．scientists live in a specific subculture
D．it is easier to understand general characteristics of science
We learn from the second paragraph that ______.
A．the writer thinks that the specialists' complains have some reasons
B．anything that the computer does can be regarded as thought
C．it is not Very difficult to define thought
D．computers play chess in exactly the same way as humans
— recognizing the potential contribution of article writing to the career of the writer and the value of the article to science and technology.
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