Two factors weigh heavily against the effectiveness of scientific research in industry. On

e is the general atmosphere of secrecy in which it is 【21】______ , the other the lack of freedom of the individual research worker. 【22】______ any inquiry is a secret one, it naturally limits all those engaged in carrying it out 【23】______ effective contact with their fellow scientists either in other countries or in universities, or 【24】______ ,often err)ugh, in other departments of the same firm. The degree of secrecy naturally 【25】______ considerably. Some of the bigger firms are 【26】______ in researches which am 【27】______ such general and fundamental nature that it is a positive 【28】______ to them not to keep them secret. 【29】______ a great many processes depending on such research am sought for with complete secrecy 【30】______ the stage at which patents can be 【31】______ . Even more processes am never patented 【32】______ but kept as secret processes. This 【33】______ particularly to chemical industries, where chance discoveries play a much larger part 【34】______ they do in physical and mechanical industries. Sometimes the secrecy goes to such an 【35】______ that the whole nature of the research cannot be mentioned. Many firms, for instance, have great difficulty in 【36】______ technical or scientific books from libraries 【37】______ they are unwilling to have their names entered 【38】______ having taken out such and such a book, 【39】______ the agents of other firms should be able to trace the kind of research they are likely to be 【40】______ .

【21】

A．kept up

B．carried out

C．set up

D．worked out