For a reader, what is the most important?A.A good book.B.Avoiding any mistake.C.The purpos
For a reader, what is the most important?
A.A good book.
B.Avoiding any mistake.
C.The purpose of reading.
D.Reading many books.
For a reader, what is the most important?
A.A good book.
B.Avoiding any mistake.
C.The purpose of reading.
D.Reading many books.
Many writers are only 【C5】______ aware of their audience as they draft their stories. Some believe the reader doesn't come into play at all until the story is finished or the article on the editor's desk. But since we write to be read, readers are an essential part of the writing【C6】______ itself. Your audience is an implicit part of your writing, as much as plot and characters. Your implicit audience helps【C7】______ your story; it sets your tone and defines your style; it determines in part your choice of protagonist; it is the "ear" to your "voice". If we know how to write and what to write about,【C8】______ we also know who it is we're writing for?
You are not writing for your writers' circle, or your editor, or your mother-in-law who reads all you’re your 【C9】______ drafts. No matter how important these people may be, they are not the "reader" I am talking
about here, or 【C10】______ , they shouldn't be. Writers tend to become hopelessly blocked when they try to please specific readers. Especially when those readers are themselveswriters. Or mothers-in-law. Knowing your 【C11】______ audience will help you avoid that particular trap.
The simplest way to start getting a handle on your audience is to form. a mental【C12】______ of your ideal reader. What kind of person is he/she? Where does he live, what kind of job, what kind of hobbies does he have? What books does he read (and when, and how many)? Chances are, your ideal reader is a lot like you. We write【C13】______ when we write for an audience with whom we can【C14】 ______ .
Sticking with that audience is more important than you think. Too- harsh criticism from fellow writers or editors can undermine your confidence to the point【C15】______ you write just m suit their tastes. Uncritical admiration of relatives and friends can make you sloppy and lax.
New trends may 【C16】______ you to start writing vampire stories【C17】______ your regular romantic westerns. These are all false beacons, to use a 【C18】______ term. A good sense of your ideal reader will help you navigate a steady course, and write 【C19】______ you write best. On the one hand our writing is guided by authors we admire, on the other hand we tend to write for an audience we feel comfortable with. Somewhere 【C20】______ between we find a balance that is our own.
【C1】
A.In
B.As
C.For
D.With
听力原文:M: May I help you?
W: Yes, please. I need a small toothbrush.
M: Soft, medium, or hard? And what color would you like, yellow, red, or blue?
W: I prefer the red one. Medium, please.
M: Here you are. Is there anything else?
W: Yes. I need some toothpaste.
M: What brand do you like? Colgate or...
W: Please suggest a good one. I'm not familiar with American brands.
M: This is the kind I use. Do you want a large or a small tube?
W: How much is the large one?
M: $11.40.
W: I'll take it. How much do I owe you in all?
M: Toothbrush, 89 cents; toothpaste, $11.40. $12.29 altogether. Anything else?
W: Are the magazines around here?
M: No. They are on the first counter to the left.
W: Do you have Cars Magazine?
M: We are out of them right now. The next issue comes out tomorrow.
W: Do you have last month's issue of Reader's Digest?
M: I'm sorry. We've sold out. There's usually a copy at the library.
W: I have plenty of time. I'll go there now. Thank you.
(27)
A.Soft and yellow.
B.Hard and red.
C.Medium and blue.
D.Medium and red.
听力原文: A good reader reads fast and understands most of what he or she reads. Although each person is different, most good readers share six characteristics.
First, most good readers read a great deal. They make time for reading and spend two full hours a day, three or four days a week, reading.
Second, Past readers look for the main ideas in their reading. They don't waste time and effort on unimportant details.
Third, good readers improve their comprehension ability by reading more and more difficult materials.
Fourth, fast readers plan their time for reading. Like students with assignments, good readers give themselves time limits, saying "I want to finish this book by tomorrow. How much time can 1 spend?"
Fifth, good readers set goals. To set a goal, they may read for fifteen minutes for quick understanding, then count the number of pages read and multiply by four. This gives them a number of pages to try to read each hour. Gradually, they increase these goals.
Lastly, fast readers concentrate. They do not let outside distractions or daydreams interfere with their reading.
(23)
A.A whole day.
B.Three or four full hours.
C.Six or eight full hours.
D.Three or four days.
What would happen if the reader were dissatisfied with the newspaper?
A.The newspaper would send a complimentary issue.
B.The subscription would be extended.
C.The reader would be contacted.
D.The subscription price would be refunded.
听力原文:M: Hi, Helen, what do you think of our class in Children' s Literature?
W: It looks pretty good. Are you also majoring in Elementary Education?
M: Yes. I can use this to fulfill the requirement in my course.
W: Have you finished the first assignment yet?
M: Not yet. I just bought the books today. How about you?
W: I started this afternoon. It' s great fun reading those wonderful children stories by Doctor Seuss.
M: Doctor Seuss? I don't remember seeing his name on the reading list.
W: His full name' s Theodore Seuss Geisel. You can fired this name on the reading list. Doctor Seuss is his pen name.
M: I love reading those stories as a child. It' ll be interesting to read them now from a different point of view. I guess they' ll give me a good idea of how children think.
W: Those stories are also great for classroom use.
M: How' s that?
W: Well, take a typical Doctor Seuss' book like The Cat in the Hat. It has a controlled vocabulary of only two hundred words.
M: So that means the children get lots of practice using a small number of words over and over.
W: Exactly. In fact The Cat in the Hat was written mainly to show how a controlled vocabulary reader could also be interesting and fun.
M: Well, it sounds as though this course is also going to be interesting and fun. I think I' ll get started on those readings tonight.
What is Helen' s major field of study?
A.Children' s Literature.
B.American Literature.
C.Medicine.
D.Elementary Education.
What will the library do if a reader fails to renew the video when it is due?
A.Discard his application form.
B.Forbid him to borrow any items.
C.Cancel his video card.
D.Ask him to apply again.
听力原文:M: Hi, Emily, what do you think of our class in Children’s Literature?
W: It looks pretty good. Are you also majoring in Elementary Education?
M: Yes, I can use this to fulfill the requirement in my course.
W: Have you finished the first assignment yet?
M: Not yet, I just bought the book today. How about you?
W: I started this afternoon. It’s great fun reading those wonderful children stories by Doctor Brown.
M: Doctor Brown? I don’t remember seeing his name on the reading list.
W: His full name is Jonathan Brown Smith. You can find this name on the reading list. Doctor Brown is his pen name.
M: I love reading those stories as a child. It’ll be interesting to read them now from a different point of view. I guess they’ll give me a good idea of how children think.
W: Those stories are also great for classroom use.
M: How is that?
W: Well, take a typical Doctor Brown’s book like The Cat in the Hat. It has a controlled vocabulary of only two hundred words.
M: So that means the children get lots of practice using a small number of words over and over.
W: Exactly. In fact, The Cat in the Hat was written mainly to show how a controlled vocabulary reader could also be interesting and fun.
M: It sounds as though this course is also going to be interesting and fun. I think I’ll get started on those readings tonight.
(23)
A.Children Literature.
B.American Literature.
C.Medicine.
D.Elementary Education.
What will the reader receive for returning the postcard?
A.A discount on legal services
B.Four newsletters a year
C.One consultation with Claus Ritter
D.A legal reference book
When she was only fourteen, Michele was already so interested in the differences in her school friends' handwriting that she would spend hours studying them. After finishing college she went to France for a special two-year class to learn how to analyze (分析) handwriting at the School of Police Science. On her return, she began her work for the Quebec police.
Michele says that it is impossible for people to disguise (伪装) their handwriting. She can discover most of what she needs to know simply by looking at the writing with her own eyes, but she also has machines that help her analyze different kinds of paper and ink. This knowledge is often of help to the police.
Michele also believes that handwriting is a good sign of the kind of person the writer is. "I wouldn't go out with a fellow if I didn't like his handwriting, "she says. But she adds that she fell in love with her future husband, William Smith before she studied his handwriting. It later proved to be all right, however.
The best title for the text would be______.
A.Police Science
B.Friends of Police
C.Handwriting Reader
D.Art of Handwriting
•Read the memo below about business report writing.
•Choose the best word to fill each gap from A, B, C or D on the opposite page.
•For each question 19-33, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.
Memo
To: All Staff Date: Jan. 22, 2003
From: Head of Training Faculty
How to write a good business report
The business report is one of the most important communications in business world. To help our staff handle their report-writing tasks successfully, we give some suggestions below:
1. Collect ail the data you need to provide in your report before you begin to write, and be sure that it is complete and accurate. Incomplete or inaccurate data about sales, employee (19) , or any other subject can lead the person (20) your report to make an unwise, if not (21) decision.
2. Organize the data you have collected so that you can (22) the clearest, most concise, and most (23) report possible. When you can, (24) information in tables, charts, graphs, or (25) rather than paragraphs.
3. Consider the reader of your report and the subject about which you are writing in deciding what (26) to give your report. Under most circumstances, the "you and I" approach is (27) to the "writer and reader" approach. However, always be sure to gear your report -- in all (28) -- to your reader, and remember that someone other than the person to whom you are writing may read it also. (29) and managers often request reports, read them, and (30) them along to others up the (31)
4. Keep your report as short as possible. Remember that you am writing fur one basic purpose: to provide information about a (32) subject. Therefore, unless you have been requested to do so or are reasonably certain that your reader will welcome your doing so, do not (33) personal opinion, or state your own conclusions or recommendations, for example.
(19)
A.presence
B.turnover
C.leave
D.rotation