题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
To make food, plants need a lot except ______.
A．the air
B．the soil
C．green leaves
D．dead leaves
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听力原文： Nowadays people build ponds mainly for fishing and swimming and for the pleasure of looking at water. No matter why the pond was built, one thing is certain: All kinds of plants and animals will soon move in.
A pond is a food factory and a restaurant, open 24 hours a day. Millions of plants and animals make the food. Some of the animals in a pond eat nothing but plants. Some eat nothing but other animals. Some eat both plants and animals, depending on what's handy.
As a pond gets older, it gets richer. The mud on the bottom turns black. Millions of dead plants and animals make it black. Pond life depends on death, for dead plants and animals help new ones to grow.
(30)
A．To fish.
B．To swim.
C．To give people the pleasure of looking at water.
D．To produce water power.
All of us eat everyday, but most of us don't understand nutrition (营养). We often make mistakes in talking about good diet.
For example, many people think that food, such as rice, bread and potatoes, will make one grow fat. In fact, those food are very good to one's health. They are good sources of many vitamins (维他命). And in comparison with steak and beef, they contain less amount of calories.
Some people don't like canned or frozen vegetables, because they think fresh vegetables cooked at home are always better. This is again wrong. In fact, whether the vegetables are good or not depends more on how they are prepared. Overcooking, for example, destroys many good qualities of vegetables. Vegetables cooked in too much water can lose a large amount of vitamins.
It is widely believed that extra vitamins provide more energy. But taking more than the body needs doesn't make it function better.
It is also wrong to say that vegetables grown in poor, worn-out soil are lower in vitamins than vegetables grown in rich soil. The vitamins in our foods are in the plants themselves. They don't come from the soil. However the minerals in a plant depend on the minerals in the soil.
In short, there are many false ideas about nutrition. We need to correct them.
This passage is mainly about ______.
A．nutrition
B．vitamins
C．vegetables
D．health
根据材料请回答 16～22
Plants and Mankind
Botany, the study of plants, occupies a peculiar position in the history of human knowledge. We don't know what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of pre-industrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient. This is logical. Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things, even for other plants. They have always been enor-mously important to the welfare of people, not only for food, but also for clothing, weap-on, tools, dyes, medicines, shelter, and many other purposes. Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon recognize hundreds of plants and know many properties of each. To them botany has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of"knowledge" at all.
Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become the farther away we move from di-rect contact with plants, and the less distinct our knowledge of botany grows. Yet every-one comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose, an apple or an orchid. When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season, the first great step in a new asso-ciation of plants and humans was taken. Grains were discovered and from them flowed the marvel of agriculture: cultivated crops. From then on, humans would increasingly make their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild, and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and intimacy with. plants in the wild would begin to fade away.
第 16 题 It is logical that a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extreme-ly ancient.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
此题为判断题(对，错)。
Adaptation of Living Things
Certain animals and plants develop characteristics that help them cope with their environments better than others of their kind. This natural biological process is called adaptation. Among the superior characteristics developed through adaptation are those that may help in getting food or shelter, in providing protection, and in producing and protecting the young. That results in the evolution of more and more organisms that are better fitted to their environments.
Each living thing is adapted to its way of life in a general way, but each is adapted especially to its own distinct class. A plant, for example, depends upon its roots to fix itself firmly and to absorb water and inorganic chemicals. It depends upon its green leaves for using the sun's energy to make food from inorganic chemicals. These are general adaptations, common to most plants. In addition, there are special adaptations that only certain kinds of plants have.
Many animals have adaptations that help them escape from their enemies. Some insects are hidden by their body color or shape, and many look like a leaf or a little branch. The coats of deer are colored to mix with the surroundings. Many animals have the ability to remain completely still when an enemy is near.
Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function, and genetics; in their development and production of the young; and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.
Some plants and animals develop superior characteristics so that they may
A．help others of their kind get food, shelter and other things needed.
B．survive even in extremely severe conditions.
C．become better adapted to the environments than others of their kind.
D．result in the evolution and production of more intelligent organisms.
Early people who lived in hot regions could depend on the heat of the sun to cook food. For example, in the desert areas of the southwestern United States, the Indians cooked their food by placing it on a flat stone in the hot sun. They cooked pieces of meat and thin cakes of corn meal in this fashion.
We can assume that the earlier kitchen utensil was a stick to which a piece of meat could be attached and held over a fire. Later this stick was replaced by an iron rod which could be turned frequently to cook the meat on all sides. Cooking food in water was impossible before man learned to make water containers that could not be destroyed by fire.
All of man' s history has been shaped by his search for food. Man' s first occupation was of that of a hunter, and his first stone weapons were made for hunting. Then man learned to grow plants for food.
They began to settle in communities next to their fields. More people lived in the places where food was more available. Progress has been greater in these parts of the world where there is more food to eat.
In which way may the first cooked food be made？
A．It was accidentally baked on volcanoes.
B．It was cooked by forest fire by chance.
C．It was boiled in the natural hot-water spring.
D．It was cooked by the heat of the sun.
第36题：Some plants and animals develop superior characteristics so that they may
A. help others of their kind get food, shelter and other things needed.
B. survive even in extremely severe conditions
C. become better adapted to the environments than others of their kind.
D. result in the evolution and production of more intelligent organisms.
阅读材料，回答题：
Adaptation of Living Things
Certain animals and plants develop characteristics that help them cope with their environmentbetter than others of their kind. This natural biological process is called adaptation. Among thesuperior characteristics developed through adaptation are those that may help in getting food orshelter, in providing protection, and in producing and protecting the young. That results in the
evolution of more and more organisms（生物体）that are better fitted to their environments.
Each living thing is adapted to its way of life in a general way, but each is adapted especiallyto its own distinct class. A plant, for example, depends upon its roots to fix itself firmly and toabsorb water and inorganic chemicals(无机物). It depends upon its green leaves for using thesun&39;s energy to make food from inorganic chemicals. These are general adaptations, common tomost plants. In addition, there are special adaptations that only certain kinds of plants have.
Many animals have adaptations that help them escape from their enemies. Some are hiddenby their body color or shape, and many look like a leaf or a little branch. The coats of deer arecolored to mix with the surroundings. Many animals have the ability to remain completely stillwhen an enemy is near.
Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, func-tion, and genetics; in their development and production of the young; and in other respects. Anorganism may create its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammals (哺乳动物), whichhave the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changingweather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to thenew conditions.
Some plants and animals develop superior characteristics so that they may 查看材料
A.help others of their kind get food， shelter and other things needed
B.survive even in extremely severe conditions
C.become better adapted to the environments than others of their kind
D.result in the evolution and production of more intelligent organisms
Did you know that there are more insects in the world than any other kind of animal？ They fly and hop and crawl and dig. Some insects, the ants, build hills and cities of their own. Insects called silk worms spin silk. Bees make honey. And crickets(蟋蟀) make music with their feet.
Lots of insects grow up in a curious way. When they are little, they look like tiny worms, and most of their lives are spent in just growing. Mosquitoes(蚊子) start this way, and so do beetles(甲虫) and flies, ants and bees. Some caterpillars (毛虫) grow into butterflies. Other wormlike wriggling (蠕动) things become moths (蛾). So all insects do not look the same. Worms in fruit are insects. So are caterpillars and potato beetles, flies and moths.
The things that some insects do are helpful to people. They spin silk and make honey and help the flowers to make seeds. Some insects are pests. They bite and sting (叮) and eat our plants and clothes, food and even furniture. Insects are everywhere.
Insects live ______.
A．in bushes
B．in the ground
C．on some animals
D．all of the above
回答题：
Adaptation of Living Things
Certain animals and plants develop characteristics that help them cope with their environ-ment better than others of their kind. This natural biological process is called adaptation. Among the superior characteristics developed through adaptation are those that may help in getting food or shelter， in providing protection， and in producing and protecting the young. That results in the evolution of more and more organisms（生物体） that are better fitted to their environments.
Each living thing is adapted to its way of life in a general way， but each is adapted especially to its own distinct class. A plant， for example， depends upon its roots to fix itself firmly and to absorb water and inorganic chemicals （无机物）. It depends upon its green leaves for using the sun"s energy to make food from inorganic chemicals. These are general .adaptations， common to most plants. In addition， there are special adaptations that only certain kinds of plants have.
Many animals have adaptations that help them escape from their enemies. Some are hidden by their body color or shape， and many look like a leaf or a little branch. The coats of deer are colored to mix with the surroundings. Many animals have the ability to remain completely still when an enemy is near.
Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure， function， and genetics; in their development and production of the young; and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment， as do warm-blooded mammals （哺乳动物）， which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage， but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that if conditions change， it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.
Some plants and animals develop superior characteristics so that they may 查看材料
A.help Others of their kind get food， shelter and other things needed
B.survive even in extremely severe conditions
C.become better adapted to the environments than others of their kind
D.result in the evolution and production of more intelligent organisms
Adaptation of Living Things
Certain animals and plants develop characteristics that help them cope with their environment better than others of their kind. This natural biological process is called adaptation. Among the superior characteristics developed through adaptation are those that may help in getting food or shelter, in providing protection, and in producing and protecting the young. That results in the evolution of more and more organisms that are better fitted to their environments.
Each living thing is adapted to its way of life in a general way, but each is adapted especially to its own distinct class. A plant, for example, depends upon its roots to fix itself firmly and to absorb water and inorganic chemicals. It depends upon its green leaves for using the sun's energy to make food from inorganic chemicals. These are general adaptations, common to most plants. In addition, there are special adaptations that only certain kinds of plants have.
Many animals have adaptations that help them escape from their enemies. Some insects are hidden by their body color or shape, and many look like a leaf or a little branch. The coats of deer are colored to mix with the surroundings. Many animals have the ability to remain completely still when an enemy is near.
Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function, and genetics; in their development and production of the young; and in other respects. An organism may create its won environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.
Some plants and animals develop superior characteristics so that they may ______.
A．help others of their kind get food, shelter and other things needed
B．survive even in extremely severe conditions'
C．become better adapted to the environments San others of their kind
D．result in the evolution and production of more intelligent organisms
