题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
A．financial performance, job creation, new-business formation
B．they can react and adjust themselves more rapidly to the rapid rate of change in products
C．they have trade protection from the government
D．they supply the market demand and contribute to big business
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更多“Small business has some of adv…”相关的问题
A．Some behaviors seeming strange at first can be accepted as time goes on.
B．Living in a small town has many unmatched advantages.
C．Walking is a good way to go about one's business in the neighborhood.
D．People still have many to enjoy even living in a small town.
Which of the following statements expresses the definition of small business？
A．More than 10% of the nation's businesses are medium-sized.
B．One of the major requirements of a small business is computer system.
C．The major challenge for small business management is the motivation of the personnel.
D．The one which is self-owned and operated independently and has relatively little impact on its environment.
听力原文：WB How's your business doing？
MB Well, sales are definitely lower than expected. I think that's because the housing market has been slowing down recently. In the appliance world, even small changes in the housing market tend to affect us a lot.
WB Hmm... I guess I never made the connection between the home appliance industry and the housing market before. But it makes sense.
MB It sure does. When people buy new houses they usually buy new appliances for them. In fact, you can accurately gauge how the housing market is doing just by looking at our sales figures.
What does the man say about his business？
A．It plans to open new stores around the world.
B．Sales are not as high as he had been expecting.
C．It has been affected by recent political events.
D．Sales are expected to increase in the next quarter.
Small businesses join together!
Small businesses are being invited to join Smallbook Business Alliance (SBA). The Alliance, (29) ... currently has more than 70 members, was launched four years ago in order (30) ... support local businesses.
SBA President, Helen Smith, said: 'SBA can make (31) ... real difference to small firms. By (32) ... real business experiences, companies find they are in a better position to deal (33) ... the challenges facing them.'
Informal meetings (34) ... held for business owners twice a month. In addition to (35) .... there are a (36) ... formal events organised each year by the SBA, with a guest speaker present at (37) ... event.
The next meeting takes place on 21st April. The topic is the business fair (38) ... to take plaoe in the city in July. Helen Smith said: 'We (39) ... it to be a very popular event indeed. We've sold over 120 tickets (40) .... and it's only 2nd April today.
(29)
A．which
B．who
C．whose
？Read the article below about a successful printing firm.
？Choose the best word to fill each gap, from A, B, C or D on the opposite page.
？For each question 19-33, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.
？There is an example at the beginning (0).
MULTICOPY PRINTING
Martin Charlesworth pays a visit to discover the secret of Success at a busy printing firm.
From designing and printing corporate brochures and business cards to photocopying students' essays it's all in a day's work for Multicopy Printing. The family-run firm is one of the most successful printing, copyshop and design offices in the region. Although it is a (19) small company, it thinks big. The company has made a considerable (20) in high-tech machinery to (21) up in this rapidly changing industry.
The company's success has recently enabled it to modernise and (22) its premises. Multicopy's Managing Director, Colin Marsh, says, 'It was very (23) before. We may get up to two tonnes of paper delivered a day and we were running out of space to (24) it. Now, we're the only business in this area (25) a print service from start to finish all under one roof. A vast amount of work can be (26) in a very short space of time.'
The firm was (27) up 22 years ago by Colin's father, who was the area manager for a national (28) of printers before deciding to go into business on his own. In those days, it was mostly small printing (29) such as letterheads and photocopying. The business grew rapidly in the mid-1980s with the (30) of new technology. Nowadays the core photocopying business is high-volume, sometimes up to 300,000 copies for one job, and it often needs to meet (31) deadlines for commercial outlets. But despite Multicopy's recent success, it has not forgotten its (32) and part of the everyday (33) still consists of doing small numbers of photocopies for members of the general public.
(19)
A．relatively
B．roughly
C．wholly
D．nearly
—Read the article about managing a small business and the questions below.
—For each question 13-18,mark one letter (A, B, C or D)on your Answer Sheet, for the answer you choose.
The Hardships of Operating A Small Business
'The organisational weaknesses that entrepreneurs have to cope with every day would cause the managers of a mature company to panic,' Bill Wilson wrote recently in Times. This seems to suggest that the leaders of entrepreneurial or small businesses must be unlike other managers, or the problems faced by such leaders must be the subject of a specialised body of wisdom, or possibly both, Unfortunately, neither is true. Not much worth reading about managing the entrepreneurial or small business has been written, and the leaders of such businesses are made of flesh and blood, like the rest of us.
Furthermore, little has been done to address the aspects of entrepreneurial or small businesses that are so difficult to deal with and so different from the challenges faced by management in big business. In part this is because those involved in gathering expertise about business and in selling advice to businesses have historically been more interested in the needs of big business. In part, in the UK at least, it is also because small businesses have always preferred to adapt to changing circumstances.
The organisational problems of entrepreneurial or small businesses are thus forced upon the individuals who lead them. Even more so than for bigger businesses, the old saying is true—that people, particularly those who make the important decisions, are a business's most important asset. The research that does exist shows that neither money nor the ability to access more of it is the major factor determining growth. The main reason an entrepreneurial business stops growing is the lack of management and leadership resource available to the business when it matters. Give an entrepreneur an experienced, skilled team and he or she will find the funds every time. Getting the team, though, is the difficult bit.
Part of the problem for entrepreneurs is the speed of change that affects their businesses. They have to cope with continuous change yet have always been suspicious about the latest 'management solution'. They regard the many offerings from business schools as out of date even before they leave the planning board and have little faith in the recommendations of consultants when they arrive in the hands of young, inexperienced graduates. But such impatience with 'management solutions' does not mean that problems can be left to solve themselves. However, the leaders of growing businesses are still left with the problem of who to turn to for advice.
The answer is horribly simple: leaders of small businesses can ask each other. The collective knowledge of a group of leaders can prove enormously helpful in solving the specific problems of individuals. One leader's problems have certainly been solved already by someone else. This is an organisation called ZERO which enables those responsible for small businesses to meet. Its members, all of whom are chief executives, go through a demanding selection process, and then join a small group of other chief executives. They come from a range of business sectors and each offers a different corporate history. Each group is led by a 'moderator', an independently selected businessman or woman who has been specially trained to head the group. Each member takes it in turn to host a meeting at his or her business premises and, most important of all, group discussions are kept strictly confidential. This spurs a free sharing of problems and increases the possibility of solutions being unveiled.
According to the second paragraph, what has led to a lack of support for entrepreneurs？
A．Entrepreneurs have always preferred to act independently.
B．The requirements of big businesses have always taken priority.
C．It is difficult to find solutions to the problems faced by entrepreneurs.
D．Entrepreneurs are reluctant to provide information about their businesses.
The business' phenomenal growth is just one of its hallmarks. The statistics are startling: Wal-Mart has about 5,000 stores worldwide, and more than 1.5 million employees. In the fiscal year ending in January 2005, the company's sales revenues amounted to $256 billion. Besides its thousands of locations in the United States, Wal-Mart has some 1,300 stores overseas with locations in Mexico, Canada, Britain, Germany, Japan and China.
Which of the following statements is true of Wal-Mart？
A．Wal-Mart was already the largest private company 40 years ago.
B．Wal-Mart has about 5,000 stores in America.
C．Wal-Mart's sales revenues amounted to $256 billion in the fiscal year ending in January 2005.
D．Wal-Mart has 1,300 stores overseas with locations in Canada, Britain, France, Japan and China.
？For each Question 15-20, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet for the answer you choose.
Small Businesses in U. S. Economy
Small business plays a major role in the American economy. More than 990//00 of the nation's 16 million businesses are small. Their effects are felt in number of areas, including financial performance, innovation, job creation, new-business formation, and contributions to big business.
But what is a small business？ There are actually many different definitions, but the most widely quoted ones are those of the U. S. Small Business Administration (SBA). To help entrepreneurs, the SBA has drafted definitions to fit virtually every industry. For the sake of simplicity, we will define a small business as one that is independently owned and operated and has relatively little influence over its environment.
In sheer numbers alone, small business far outstrips big business. There is also evidence that suggests that small business outperforms big business financially. On average, for example, small manufacturers earn a higher return on owners' equity than do large manufacturers, for which there are two main reasons. First, in many manufacturing industries, small business can respond more rapidly and at less cost than can big business to the quickening rate of change in products and services, processes and markets. Second, small business has positive impact on the nation's economic performance in terms of gross national product, growth rates, and other indicators.
Entrepreneurs and Small Businesses Play a Major Role in Innovation
Small businesses or individuals working alone invented the personal computer, the transistor radio, the photocopying machine, the jet engine, and the instant photograph. Their ingenuity also gave us the pocket calculator, power steering, the automatic transmission, air conditioning, and even the ballpoint pen. Clearly, we are all better off for the presence of millions of small businesses. Their resourcefulness and ingenuity have spawned new industries and contributed a great many innovative ideas and technological breakthroughs.
Small businesses create more new jobs than do larger businesses. One study suggested that small businesses may create as many as 66 percent of all new jobs in the United States each year. In another study, the U. S. Department of Commerce found that small, young, high technology businesses created new jobs at a much faster rate than did larger, older businesses. Such small businesses require employees with a high degree of scientific or engineering knowledge and thus generate additional demand for them.
New-Business Formation
Another indicator of the importance of small business is the record number of businesses formed each year since 1960. New incorporations hit the 600,000 mark for the first time in 1983. This figure is more than four times the total in 1960. Of course, some of the new corporations are mature businesses that were born as sole proprietorships or partnerships and have only recently incorporated. Nevertheless, many more small businesses are created each year than larger ones.
A final reason for small businesses to have such an enormous impact is their contributions to big business. General Motors, for example, buys from over 25,000 suppliers, most of whom are small businesses.
Small businesses can deliver specialized products more efficiently than can larger businesses. Indeed, big businesses buy more of their inputs from small businesses than from other big businesses. Small businesses also play a key role in distributing and selling the products of larger businesses to consumers.
&nbs
A．their enormous contributions to big business
B．a great many personal computers in the office
C．hard work, drive, dedication, managerial competence and luck
D．basic managerial competence in the high level of demand
？Read the text below about business on line．
？For each question(31-40)，write one word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet．
Internet：A Cost．effective Way to Promote Business
The Internet is changing the way people shop and purchase goods．It has created a new market with great opportunities for people running a small home-business and gives them a big edge over the typical retail establishment．Before．if a customer wanted to buy a stereo，for example，they had to jump into their car，go to a (31) stores to see who has the best price，deal with the traffic and wait in long lines，then make the purchase．With the Internet， (32) is done right from the comfort of the consumer's home．They simply point＆click．There is (33) limit to the amount of business that a web merchant can bring in from on-liue sales and it can be done right from your home．You are not 1imited to state or national boundaries．The whole World is your customer base!Compared to say a local flower shop (34) is limited to only the customers within that general area．The World Wide Web has created an avenue for individuals to set up shop and generate high profits (35) the expensive overhead costs of a brick and mortar storefront．It has given an opportunity for small businesses to present the appearance of a large，well-established company，which puts (36) on a level playing field to compete (37) the larger companies．It is a low-maintenance low-cost form. of advertising your products and services．To get and set up with your own on-line store is extremely easy and cheap．In fact，it's the most cost-effective way to reach many thousands of buyers (38) the globe．Having a website is a must for (39) company doing business today to remain competitive and offer convenience to (40) customers．If you don't have a website，chances are your competitors will，and they will make the sale．
(32)
Littleton News Update
The rate of unemployment in Littleton, a small town in the south west of England, has reached a record high this week. According to Helen Santer of Littleton Business Association, there are currently over 4,000 people registered as unemployed. This represents almost a quarter of the town's working population and is an increase of 5% compared to the previous year.
The main reason for this rise was the closure of the last remaining factory in the town, LKS. The company, which manufactured a number of parts for use in the computer industry, finally closed its doors in August, leaving over 150 people without work. Another major employer in Littleton, the Victoria Hotel, was recently bought by the well-known hotel chain Mount Clark, which fought off an attempted takeover by the health club operators Health Check.
Although staff had feared that they would lose their jobs in the resulting reorganisation, hardly any 'employees have in fact been made redundant. The company's management has recently announced ambitious plans for the improvement of the building's guestrooms.
More people are without work in Littleton than ever before.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Doesn't say
听力原文：F: With me today is Tom Henderson from ECN University. Welcome! Tom.
M: Thank yon.
F: Tom, you recently did a large research study on training in small business concerns. What made you focus on small business concerns？ After all, most of your experience has been with the huge multinational, DCF. And in fact you eventually ran their training. department, didn't you？
M: Well, you are partly right. You see, when I joined the university a year ago they wanted me to start a training program for small businesses. I'd just sold my own small business, Which I'd started when I left DCF. The 8 years I ran my own business which taught me more about training than all my years with DCF. But I felt I couldn't base a training program on my experience alone. So I decided to do research first.
F: And how much training did you find in most small companies？ Can they afford to do much training？
M: Well, firstly small businesses are often accused of not doing enough training. But that is the opinion of big businesses of course. It's true that the government is encouraging small firms to increase their training budgets. They're trying to introduce financial assistance for this. But I have to say I find lots of training going on. The real problem is that most small businesses don't always know how much training they're providing or how much it's actually costing them.
F: But surely businesses have budgets and training records.
M: Unfortunately most small companies don't set aside a specific training budget. It's not that they don't want to spend the money but that they operate differently. You see, things change very quickly in small firms and it's impossible to predict the training needs. An employee can be moved to a new project very suddenly and then training has to be organized within days. And most small businesses prefer to use their experienced staff to do any training on the job.
F: Did you manage to work out the costs of training？
M: Well, it took time to work out the indirect costs. You see, most small business managers don't include these costs in their calculations. Most of them keep records of obvious expenses, for example, many expenses like external courses, travel, training manual, and videos, etc. But not many firms have specific training accounts and they don't include the time managers spend on training, waste of materials, loss of productivity and so on. I spent hours with company accountants trying to see where these hidden costs were.
F: How much are small firms spending on training？
M: More than half of the businesses I surveyed spent at least 1% of their annual salary bill on training. And some of these spent up to 5% of their payroll. In fact smaller firms are investing on average over 10% more in training per employee than larger firms.
F: How good is that training？
M: As I said, small firms usually get an experienced employee to show new staff how to do that job. This can be useful if the person is carefully selected and well-trained himself. But it's not really enough. The trainee needs to do the job with the experienced employee on hand for guidance and feedback. This gives trainees much better skills than any packaged courses.
F: And has your study helped you plan new courses for small businesses？
M: Definitely. I now understand what they want and how they want it delivered. I now know that small firms were only investing in training if it immediately helped their enterprise. But most formal training focuses on long-term business needs. Most small businesses can't plan far ahead. They want direct results from training in skills they need now. New technologies and IT skills are identified as a priority by all the firms I surveyed.
F: What is the first course the university offers to small businesses？
M: Up till now most of short courses for companies in general have dealt with helping businesses grow. These aren't really appropriate for small companies as growth can
A．He was managing the training department of a large company.
B．He was running a training programme at a university.
C．He was running his own small business.
