Identical twins are a perfect test case for theories of personality development. If a theo - 试题答案网问答

第1题

Identical twins have exactly the same genes and therefore they are the same in their hande

dness.

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

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第2题

Who are likely to have similar degrees of intelligence？A．Two identical twins educated in d

Who are likely to have similar degrees of intelligence？

A．Two identical twins educated in different environments.

B．People who are neither in close contact nor related.

C．People who don"t live in close contact but are closely related.

D．People who live in close contact though not related.

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第3题

What may happen when identical twins are separated from the day they are born？A．They will

What may happen when identical twins are separated from the day they are born？

A．They will grow into totally different adults.

B．They will follow their parents.

C．They may think and dress alike though.

D．They may develop different interests and personalities.

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第4题

The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that______.A．individual wi

The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that______.

A．individual with identical brains seldom test at the same level

B．an individual"s intelligence is determined only by his environment

C．lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligence

D．changes of environment produce changes in the structure of the brain

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第5题

A．Right-handed people are superior to left-handed people.B．Right-handedness is determi

A．Right-handed people are superior to left-handed people.

B．Right-handedness is determined genetically, but left-handedness is learnt.

C．About 18% of identical twins are left-handed.

D．Scientists have not yet reached agreement on the causes of left-handedness.

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第6题

听力原文：There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is

听力原文： There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual -- the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.

The importance of environment in determining an individual's intelligence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. when the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. Mark's I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same level.

(33)

A．Measuring Your Intelligence

B．Intelligence and Environment

C．The Case of Peter and Mark

D．How the Brain Influences Intelligence

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第7题

Text 2Identical twins are a perfect test case for theories of personality development. If

Text 2

Identical twins are a perfect test case for theories of personality development. If a theory can' t explain the differences between identical twins, then it cannot explain environmental effects on per-sonality. Even identical twins brought up in the same home have different personalities.Take Ladan and Laleh Bijani from Iran. They were identical twins who had spent their entire 29 years joined at the head. And yet, Ladan, the more outspoken of the pair, told journalists,"We are two completely separate individuals. we have different world views,We have different lifestyles, we think very differently about issues. " Why did Ladan and Laleh have different person-alities？

Self-organized systems in insects can provide us with some ideas. A colony of ants, for exam-ple, can be seen as a self-organized system. No supervisor tells the ants what to do, and yet all the jobs get done. The system works in such a way that if one ant carries out a particular job, it be- comes less likely that another ant will attempt that job because it no longer needs doing. The result is what economists call "division of labor. "

Self-organization also produces division of labor in human groups. Each individual looks for something to specialize in, his or her own suitable position in the group. If one position is occu-pied, the individual will seek another. This process increases the differences even between identical twins, because once they' ve chosen different specialities, a circular mechanism causes small initial differences between them to widen.

Although identical twins look very much alike, people who know them well will distinguish between them. They might ,for example, address more questions and comments to one twin than the other-perhaps by chance first. But the consequence is that the twin who is addressed more often will do more talking than the other twin, which will cause people who know them to address still more of their questions and comments to that twm. The result, over time, will be one outspo-ken twin and one quieter one-like Ladan and Laleh Bijani.

51. According to the writer we learn that identical twins_________

[ A] differ in personality

[B] differ in appearance

[C] have the same lifestyle

[D] have the same outlook

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第8题

Which of the following statements is TRUE？A．There does exist the "heritability" of psychom

Which of the following statements is TRUE？

A．There does exist the "heritability" of psychometric intelligence.

B．It's difficult to predict someone's score on an intelligence test.

C．The IQs of identical twins are the same as the IQs of fraternal twins.

D．The IQs of biologically related people live closer in the later years of life.

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第9题

听力原文： There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is

the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain the has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless ha has opportunities to learn. the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped environmentally, it is likely his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.

The importance of environment in determining an individual's intelligence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. The twins had identical brain at birth. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in different homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. Mark's I. Q. was 125, twenty five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother.

(30)

A．Human brains differ considerably.

B．The brain a person is born with is important in determining his intelligence.

C．An environmentally handicapped person won't attain his due level of intelligence.

D．Environment is important in determining a person's intelligence.

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第10题

There are two aspects which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the Drain

be is born【C1】______Human brains differ considerably,【C2】______being more able than others.【C3】______no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence【C4】______he has opportunities to learn. So the second aspect is what【C5】______to the individual--the environment in which he is brought【C6】______. If an individual is handicapped【C7】______, it is likely that his brain will【C8】______to develop and he will【C9】______attain the level of intelligence of which he is【C10】______. The importance of environment in determining an individual's intelligence can be【C11】______by the case history of the identical twins, Tom and Mike. When tile twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in【C12】______foster homes. Tom was mated by parents of low intelligence in an【C13】______community with poor educational【C14】______. Mike,【C15】______was educated in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college, This environmental【C16】______continued until the twins were【C17】______their late teens,【C18】______they were given tests to【C19】______their intelligence. Mike's IQ was 125, twenty-five points higher than the【C20】______and fully forty points higher than his identical brother.

【C1】

A．for

B．by

C．with

D．in

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