题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
Who has a lower risk of developing Alzheimer's disease？
A．People who have received little education.
B．People who have mentally active jobs.
C．People who first have good memories.
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更多“Who has a lower risk of develo…”相关的问题
Breastfeeding Can Cut Cardiovascular (心血管的) Risk
Breastfeeding can reduce the risk of a heart attack or stroke later in life and could prevent hundreds of (51) of deaths each year, researchers said on Friday.
Babies who are breastfed have fewer childhood infections and allergies (过敏) and are less (52) to obesity (肥胖) . British scientists have now shown that breastfeeding and slow growth in the first weeks and months of life has a protective effect (53) cardiovascular disease.
"Diets that promote more rapid growth put babies at risk many years later in (54) of raising their blood pressure, raising their cholesterol (胆固醇) and increasing their tendency to diabetes (糖尿病) and obesity —the (55) main risk factors for stroke and heart attack," said Professor Alan Lucas of the Institute of Child Health in London.
"Our evidence suggests that the reason why breast-fed babies do better is because they grow more (56) in the early weeks. "
Lucas said the effects of breastfeeding on blood pressure and cholesterol later in life are greater than (57) adults can do to control the risk factors for cardiovascular disease, other than taking drugs.
An estimated 17 million people die of (58) disease, particularly heart attack and strokes, each year, according to the World Health Organization.
Lucas and his colleagues compared the health of 216 teenagers (59) as babies had either been breastfed or given different nutritional baby formulas. They reported their (60) in The Lancet medical journal.
The teenagers who had been (61) had a 14-percent lower ratio of bad to good cholesterol and lower concentrations of a protein that is a marker for cardiovascular disease risk.
The researchers also found that, (62) of the child's weight at birth, the faster the infants grew in the early weeks and months of life, the (63) was their later risk of heart disease and stroke. The effect was the (64) for both boys and girls.
"The more human milk you have in the newborn period, the lower your cholesterol level is, the lower your blood pressure is 16 years (65) ," Lucas said.
A．hundreds
B．thousands
C．millions
D．numbers
Breastfeeding Can Cut Cardiovascular Risk
Breastfeeding can reduce the risk of a heart attack or stroke later in life and could prevent hundreds of______（1）of deaths each year，researchers said on Friday．
Babies who ale breastfed have fewer childhood infectious and allergies and are less______ （2）to obesity． British scientists have now shown that breastfeeding and slow growth in the first weeks and months of life has a protective effect ______ （3）cardiovascular disease．
“Diets that promote more rapid growth put babies at risk many years later in______ （4）of raising their b1ood pressure，missing their cholesterol and increasing their tendency to diabetes and obesity-the______（5）main risk factors for stroke and heart attack．”said Professor Alan Lucas of the Institute of Child Health in London．
“0ur evidence suggests that the reason why breast．fed babies d0 better is because they grow more______ （6）in the early weeks．”
Lucas said the effects of breastfeeding on blood pressure and cholesterol 1ater in life are greater than______ （7）adults can do to control the risk factors for，cardiovascular disease．0ther than taking drugs．
An estimated 17 million people die of 8 disease，particularly heart attack and strokes，each year，according to the World Health organization．
Lucas and his colleagues compared the health of 216 teenagers______ （9）as babies had either been breastfed or given different nutritional baby formulas． They reported their______ （10） in The Lancet medical journal．The teenagers who had been______ （11）had a 14．percent lower ratio of bad to good cholesterol and lower concentrations of a protein that is a marker for cardiovascular disease risk．
The researchers also found that，______（12）of the child’s weight at birth．the faster the infants grew in the early weeks and months of life．The______ （13）was their later risk of heart disease and stroke．The effect was the______ （14）for both boys and girls．
“The more human milk you have in the newborn period．the lower your cholesterol 1evel is，the lower your blood pressure is 16 years______ （15），”Lucas said．
第 46 题
A．hundreds
B．thousands
C．millions
D．numbers
下面的短文有l5处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。
Breastfeeding Can Cut Cardiovascular（心血管的）Risk Breastfeeding can reduce the risk of a heart attack or stroke later in lire and could prevent hundreds of （51）of deaths each year, researchers said on Friday.
Babies who are breastfed have fewer childhood infections and allergies（过敏）and are less
（52）to obesity（肥胖）. British scientists have now shown that breastfeeding and slow
growth in the first weeks and months of life has a protective effect （53） cardiovascular
disease.
“Diets that promote more rapid growth put babies at risk many years later In （54）of raising their blood pressure, raising their cholesterol（胆固醇）and increasing their tendency to diabetes（糖尿病）and obesity—he （55）main risk factors for stroke and heart attack. ”said Professor Alan Lucas of the Institute of Child Health in London.
"Our evidence suggests that the reason why breast-fed babies do better is because they grow more （56） in the early weeks."
Lucas said the effects of breastfeeding on blood pressure and cholesterol later in lire are greater than （57） adults can do to control the risk factors for cardiovascular disease, other than taking drugs.
An estimated l 7 million people die of （58） disease, particularly heart attack and strokes each year, according to the World Health Organization.
Lucas and his colleagues compared the health of 21 6 teenagers （59） as babies had either been breastfed or given different nutritional baby formulas. They reported their （60） in the lancet medical journal.
The teenagers who had been （61） had an l 4-percent lower ratio of bad to good cholesterol and lower concentrations of a protein that is a marker for cardiovascular disease risk.
The researchers also found that （62） of the child's weight at birth, the faster the Infants grew in the early weeks and months of life, the （63）was their later risk of heart disease and stroke. The effect was the （64） for both boys and girls.
"The more human milk you have in the newborn period, the lower your cholesterol level is the lower your blood pressure is l6 years （65）," Lucas said.
51 A hundreds B thousands C millions D numbers
Red meat links to higher risk of breast cancer1
Exercise and keeping a healthy weight are two things that doctors say might help women lower their risk of breast cancer.
Mothers may reduce their risk if they breastfeed for at least four months．For older women，hormone replacement therapy2 can lower the risk of some other diseases． But it has been found to in-crease the risk of breast cancer． So women should consider their choices carefully．The same may be said for diet.
New findings show that younger women who eat a lot of red meat have higher rates of breast cancers called hormone—receptor positive3． The growth is fed by the levels of estrogen or another hormone，progesterone，in the body.
Researchers at Brigham Women’s Hospital in Boston，Massachusetts，reported the findings as part of a health study of nurses．The researchers followed the health of more than 90，000 women from l991 to 2003．Those who ate the most red meat ate more than one and one-half servings a day．A serving was defined as roughly84 grams．Those who ate the least red meat ate less than three servings a week．This is what the study found about breast cancers that were hormone receptor-posi-tive : The women who ate the most red meat were almost two times as likely to get them as the women who ate the least of it．
Eunyoung Cho，the lead author of the report，says more research is needed to know the reason for the link．But in the past，researchers have suggested that three things may play a part．One is the way meat is cooked or processed．Another is the use of growth hormones in cows．And the third is the kind of iron in red meat．The study appears in the Archives of Internal Medicine.
And now we have more to tell you about our subject—resveratr01．We discussed a study in the United States that found that large amounts of this plant compound helped fat mice live longer．The mice were fed much more resveratrol than people could get from red wine，one of the foods that contains it.
Now, scientists in France say resveratrol also improves muscle performance—again．at least in mice．They were able to run two times as far in laboratory treadmill tests4 as mice normally could．The study at the Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology5 appeared in the journal Cell.
第 23 题 Breastfeeding helps women prevent the development of breast cancer to a certain degree．
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
根据下列材料请回答 51～65 题：
Breastfeeding Can Cut Cardiovascular(心血管的)Risk
Breastfeeding Can reduce the risk of a heart a attack or stroke later in life and could prevent hundreds of_________ (51)of deaths each year，researchers said on Friday.
Babies who are breastfed have fewer childhood infections and allergies(过敏)and are less _________(52)to obesity(肥胖).British scientists have now shown that breastfeeding and slow growth in the first weeks and months of life has a protective effect _________ (53) cardiovascular disease.
“Diets that promote more rapid growth put babies at risk many years later in_________ (54)of raising their blood pressure，raising their cholesterol(胆固醇)and increasing their tendency to diabetes(糖尿病)and obesity—the_________ (55)main risk factors for stroke and heart attack，”said Professor Alan Lucas of the Institute of Child Health in London.
“Our evidence suggests that the reason why breast-fed babies do better is because they grow more_________ (56)in the early weeks.”
Lucas said the effects of breastfeeding on blood pressure and cholesterol later in life are greater than_________ (57)adults can do to control the risk factors for cardiovascular disease，other than taking drugs.
An estimated 1 7 million people die of_________ (58)disease，particularly heart attack and strokes，each year，according to the World Health Organization Lucas and his colleagues compared the health of 216 teenagers_________ (59)as babies had either been breastfed or given different nutritional baby formulas.They reported their_________ (60)in The Lancet medical journal.
The teenagers who had been_________ (61)had a 14--percent lower ratio of bad to good cholesterol and lower concentrations of a protein that is a marker for cardiovascular disease risk.
The researchers also found that，_________ (62)of the child's right at birth，the faster the infants grew in the early weeks and months of life，the_________ (63)was their later risk of heart disease and stroke，The effect was the_________ (64)for both boys and girls;
“The more human milk you have in the newborn period.the lower your cholesterol level is，the lower your blood pressure is 16 years _________ (65)，”Lucas said.
第 51 题
A．thousands
B．hundreds
C．millions
D．numbers
Red Meat Links to Higher Risk of Breast Cancer
Exercise and keeping a healthy weight are two things that doctors say might help women lower their risk of breast cancer.
Mothers may reduce their risk if they breastfeed for at least four months. For older women, hormone replacement therapy can lower the risk of some other diseases. But it has been found to increase the risk of breast cancer. So women should consider their choices carefully. The same may be said for diet.
New findings show that younger women who eat a lot of red meat have higher rates of breast cancers called hormone-receptor positive. The growth is fed by the levels of estrogen or another hormone, progesterone, in the body.
Researchers at Brigham Women's Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, reported the findings as part of a health study of nurses. The researchers followed the health of more than 90,000 women from 1991 to 2003. Those who ate the most red meat ate more than one and one-half servings a day. A serving was defined as roughly 84 grams. Those who ate the least red meat ate less than three servings a week. This is what the study found about breast cancers that were hormone receptor-positive: The women who ate the most red meat were almost two times as likely to get them as the women who ate the least of it.
Eunyoung Cho, the lead author of the report, says more research is needed to know the reason for the link. But in the past, researchers have suggested that three things may play a part. One is the way meat is cooked or processed. Another is the use of growth hormones in cows. And the third is the kind of iron in red meat. The study appears in the Archives of Internal Medicine.
And now we have more to tell you about our subject -- resveratrol. We discussed a study in the United States that found that large amounts of this plant compound helped fat mice live longer. The mice were fed much more resveratrol than people could get from red wine, one of the foods that contains it.
Now, scientists in France say resveratrol also improves muscle performance -- again, at least in mice. They were able to run two times as far in laboratory treadmill tests4 as mice normally could. The study at the Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biologys appeared in the journal Cell.
Breastfeeding helps women prevent the development of breast cancer to a certain degree.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
"Don't Drink Alone" Gets New Meaning
In what may be bad news for bars and pubs, an European research group has found that people drinking alcohol outside of meals have a significantly higher risk of cancer in the mouth and neck than do those who drink with food. Luigino Dal Maso and his colleagues studied the drinking patterns of l,500 patients from four cancer studies and another 3,500 adults who had never had cancer.
After the researchers accounted for the amount of alcohol consumed, they found that individuals who downed a significant share of their alcohol outside of meals faced at least a 50 t0 80 percent risk of cancer in the oral cavity(口腔) , pharynx (咽 ) , and esophagus(食管) , when compared with people who drank only at meals. Consuming alcohol without food also increased by at least 20 percent the likelihood of laryngeal cancer(喉癌). "Roughly 95 percent of cancers at these four sites traced too smoking or drinking by study volunteers, " Dal Maso says. The discouraging news his team reports, is that drinking with meals didn't eliminate cancer risk at any of the sites.
For their new analysis, the European scientists divided people in the study into four groups,based on how many drinks they reported having in an average week. The lowest-intake group included people who averaged up t0 20 drinks a week. The highest group reported downing at least 56 cups of alcohol weekly for an average of eight or more per day. Cancer risks for the mouth and neck sites rose steadily with consumption even for people who reported drinking only with meals. For instance, com-pared with people in the lowest-consumption group, participants who drank 21 t0 34 alcohol cups a week at least doubled their cancer risk for all sites other than the larynx. If people in these consump-tion groups took some of those drinks outside meals, those in the higher consumption group at least quadrupled(四倍) their risk for oral cavity and esophageal cancers.
People in the highest-consumption group who drank only with meals had lo times the risk of oral cancer, 7 times the risk of pharyngeal cancer, and 16 times the risk of esophageal cancer compared with those who averaged 20 0r fewer drinks a week with meals. In contrast, laryngeal cancer risk the high-intake, with-meals-only group was only triple that in the low-intake consumers who drank with meals.
"Alcohol can inflame(使发炎) tissues. Over time, that inflammation can trigger cancer. " Dal Maso says. He suspects that food reduced cancer risk either by partially covering digestive-tract (消化道) tissues or by scrubbing alcohol off those tissues. He speculates that the reason laryngeal risks were dramatically lower for all study participants traces to the tissue's lower exposure to alcohol
Who are more likely to develop cancer in the mouth and neck？
A.People who drink alcohol outside of meals
B.People who drink alcohol at meals
C.People who never drink alcohol
D.People who drink alcohol only at bars and pubs
Dangers Await Babies with Altitude
Women who live in the world's highest communities tend to give birth to under-weight babies, a new study suggests. These babies may grow into adults with a high risk of heart disease and strokes.
Research has hinted that newborns in mountain communities are lighter than average, But it wasn't clear whether this is due to reduced oxygen levels at high altitude or because their mothers are under-nourished — many people who live at high altitudes are relatively poor compared with those living lower down.
To find out more, Dino Giussani and his team at Cambridge University studied the records of 400 births in Bolivia during 1997 and 1998. The babies were born in both rich and poor areas of two cities: La Paz and Santa Cruz. La Paz is the highest city in the world, at 3.65 kilometers above sea level, while Santa Cruz is much lower, at 0.44 kilometers.
Sure enough, Giussani found that the average birthweight of babies in La Paz was significantly lower than in Santa Cruz. This was true in both high and low-income families. Even babies born to poor families in Santa Cruz were heavier on average than babies born to wealthy families in lofty La Paz. "We were very surprised by this result," says Giussani.
The results suggest that babies born at high altitude are deprived of oxygen before birth. "This may trigger the release or suppression of hormones that regulate growth of the unborn child," says Giussani.
His team also found that high-altitude babies tended to have relatively larger heads compared with their bodies. This is probably because a fetus starved of oxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in preference to the rest of the body.
Giussani wants to find out if such babies have a higher risk of disease in later life. People born in La Paz might be prone to heart trouble in adulthood, for example. Low birthweight is a risk factor for coronary heart disease. And newborns with a high ratio of head size to body weight are often predisposed to high blood pressure and strokes in later life.
According to the passage, one of the reasons why newborns in mountain communities are underweight is that their mothers are underweight.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
阅读理解：请根据短文内容，为每题确定l个最佳选项。
ANewStrategytoOvercomeBreastCancer。Post-menopausal（绝经后）womenwhowalkforanhouradaycancuttheirchanceofbreastcancersignificantly,astudyhassuggested.Thereport,whichfollowed73,000womenfor17years,foundwalkingforatleastsevenhoursaweekloweredtheriskofthedisease.TheAmericanCancerSocietyteamsaidthiswasthefirsttimereducedriskwasspecificallylinkedtowalking.UKexpertssaiditwasmoreevidencethatlifestyleinfluencedcancerrisk.ArecentpollforthecharityRamblersaquarterofadultswalkfornomorethananhouraweek,butbeingactiveisknowntoreducetheriskofanumberofcancers.Thisstudy,publishedinCancerEpidemiology,Biomarkers&Prevention,followed73.615womenoutof97,785aged50-74whohadbeenrecruitedbytheAmericanCancerSocietybetween1992and1993,soitcouldmonitortheincidenceofcancerinthegroup.Theywereaskedtocompletequestionnairesontheirhealthandonhowmuchtimetheywereactiveandparticipatinginactivitiessuchaswalking,swimmingandaerobics（有氧运动）andhowmuchtimetheyspentsittingwatchingtelevisionorreading.Theycompletedthesamequestionnairesattwo-yearintervalsbetween1997and2009.Ofthewomen,47%saidwalkingwastheironlyrecreationalactivity.Thosewhowalkedforatleastsevenhoursperweekhada14%lowerriskofbreastcancercomparedtothosewhowalkedthreeorfewerhoursperweek.Dr.AlpaPatel,aseniorepidemiologistattheAmericanCancerSocietyinAtlanta,Georgia,wholedthestudy,said:”Giventhatmorethan60%ofwomenreportsomedailywalking,promotingwalkingasahealthyleisure-timeactivitycouldbeaneffectivestrategyforincreasingphysicalactivityamongstpost-menopausalwomen.Wewerepleasedtofindthatwithoutanyotherrecreationalactivity,justwalkingonehouradaywasassociatedwithalowerriskofbreastcancerinthesewomen.””Morestrenuous（紧张的）andlongeractivitiesloweredtheriskevenmore.”BaronessDelythMorgan,chiefexecutiveofBreastCancerCampaign,said:”Thisstudyaddsfurtherevidencethatourlifestylechoicescanplayapartininfluencingtheriskofbreastcancerandevensmallchangesincorporateintoournormalday-to-dayactivitycanmakeadifference.”Sheadded:”Weknowthatthebestweapontoovercomingbreastcanceristheabilitytostopitoccurringinthefirstplace.Thechallengenowishowweturnthesefindingsintoactionandidentifyothersustainablelifestylechangesthatwillhelpuspreventbreastcancer.”
All of the following factors relating to cancer risk were mentioned in the EXCEPT________.
A.breathing exercise
B.regular walking
C.recreational activity
D.lifestyle choices
Some people believe that coffee bean can lower the incidence of some diseases. First, the disease is diabetes. A study of 14,000 people in Finland which is the world's greatest per-capita consumer of coffee found that women who drank three to four cups a day cut their risk of developing diabetes by 29 percent. For men, it was 27 percent. Researchers aren't sure why, but suspect that the antioxidants in coffee help deliver insulin to the body's tissues. Second, it can lower cancer. In Japan, a study of 90,000 people revealed those who drank coffee every day for ten years were half as likely to get liver cancer. Meanwhile, German scientists have identified an active compound in coffee that boosts enzymes thought to prevent colon cancer. Finally, it can also lower Parkinson's disease. Researchers in Hawaii monitored the health of more than 8,000 Japanese-American men for 30 years and discovered that those who drank a cup of coffee a day had less than half the incidence of Parkinson's disease. A possible clue as to why: caffeine promotes the release of dopamine, a substance involved with movement and usually consumed in Parkinson's sufferers.
On the contrary, there's hot debate on whether drinking coffee is a cardiac risk. A Greek study of more than 3,000 people found coffee drinkers has higher levels of bad substances in their blood than non-drinkers. But Harvard researchers looking at the health of coffee drinkers over 20 years could not localize any extra coronary problems. Nevertheless-, a study of 2,028 Costa Ricans found those with a gene variant that processes caffeine four times slower than average, and who also drank two to three cups of coffee a day, upped their heart-attack risk by 36 percent. As this group metabolises caffeine slower, it remains in the body for longer — possibly pushing up blood pressure.
For most of us, the humble cup of coffee is simply a harmless and enjoyable way to kick — start the day or give us an excuse for some time out. No more, no less. However, it is important to remember that different people exhibit different tolerance levels to caffeine — it is, after all, a drug.
What is mainly discussed in the text？
A．roast bean can cure disease.
B．roast bean is a good medicine.
C．more and more people want to drink coffee.
D．whether the roast bean is good or bad is also a question.
