Before the nineteenth century, scientists with an interest in the sea were few and far bet

Certainly Newton considered some theoretical' aspects of it in his writings, but he was【C1】______to go to sea to【C2】______his work.

For most people the sea was【C3】______, and with the【C4】______of early international travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it,【C5】______alone to ask what lay beneath the surface. The flint time that the question "What is at the bottom of the oceans？" had to be answered with any commercial【C6】______was when the【C7】______of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed. The engineers had to know the depth profile of the【C8】______to estimate the length of cable that had to be【C9】______.

It was【C10】______Maury of the US Navy【C11】______the Atlantic Telegraph Company turned, in 1853,【C12】______information on this matter. The cable was laid, but not until 1866【C13】______the connection made【C14】______and reliable. At the early【C15】______, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs【C16】______was found to be covered in living【C17】______, a fact which【C18】______contemporary scientific opinion【C19】______there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea.

Within a few years oceanography was【C20】______way.

【C1】

A．reluctant

B．irreluctant

C．reductant

D．redundant