题目内容
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Why does Standard and Poors lower Frances credit rating？
A．Because France doesn"t carry out any effective reforms.
B．Because the unemployment rate in France is too high.
C．Because France failed to boost its gloomy economy.
D．Because the government has borrowed too much money.
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A.Because she is raised in a white family so that she cannot resist the influence of white culture
B.Because she is surrounded in everyday life by the symbols of white beauty
C.Because she is raised to hate her identity as black
D.Because her mother loves a white child
Why does the article advise people to look at prize-winning books？
A．To copy the author's style.
B．To realise what a high standard needs to be reached.
C．To get an idea of what might be successful.
D．To find out how to trick publishers.
Why does the author mention the community of the Cayapas in Paragraph 3 and 4？
A．To cite an example of how ancient cultures have integrated with modem society.
B．To show how significant progress local people have made in their standard of living.
C．To denounce tourists for their vandalism and damage onto the local culture.
D．To demonstrate how tourism has helped preserve the indigenous culture.
A．To prove that Tunisia and Croatia maintain a healthy competitive edge.
B．To criticize Japan for not courting foreign travelers.
C．To prove that the standard of living in Japan lags behind world standards.
D．To prove that tourism plays an important role in maintaining a country's competitive edge.
W Yes, when I submit my invoices, Veritas reports back with a different set of fees. I come back to them with a counter-offer and we work it out.
M So you have to negotiate for your fees？ I've never heard of that.
W It's standard practice. It works out well for me because the company gives me a larger number of clients than I could get on my own. It's less per hour, but more money overall.
What does the man say he was doing？
A．Trying to contact the woman
B．Organizing the woman's papers
C．Examining the woman's invoices
D．Speaking with one of the woman's clients
An ______ country does not have modern industries and usually has a low standard of living. (developed)
Why was it necessary to replace the old standard weight？
A．Someone spilled water on it.
B．Someone lost it.
C．It was made of low-quality metal.
D．The standard for measuring had changed.
In America alone, tipping is now a ＄16 billion-a-year industry. Consumers acting rationally ought not to pay more than they have to for a given service. Tips should not exist. So why do they？ The conventional wisdom is that tips both reward the efforts of good service and reduce uncomfortable feelings of inequality. The better the service, the bigger the tip.
Such explanations no doubt explain the purported origin of tipping—in the 16th century, boxes in English taverns carried the phrase "To Insure Promptitude" (later just "TIP"). But according to new research from Cornell University, tipping no longer serves any useful function.
The paper analyses data from 2,547 groups dining at 20 different restaurants. The correlation between larger tips and better service was very weak: only a tiny part of the variability in the size of the tip had anything to do with the quality of service. Customers who rated a meal as "excellent" still tipped anywhere between 8% and 37% of the meal price.
Tipping is better explained by culture than by economics. In America, the custom has become institutionalized: it is regarded as part of the accepted cost of a service. In a New York restaurant, failing to tip at least 15% could well mean abuse from the waiter. Hairdressers can expect to get 15-20%, the man who delivers your groceries ＄2. In Europe, tipping is less common; in many restaurants, discretionary tipping is being replaced by a standard service charge. In many Asian countries, tipping has never really caught on at all.
How to account for these national differences？ Look no further than psychology. According to Michael Lynn, the Cornell paper's co-author, countries in which people are more extrovert, sociable or neurotic tend to tip more. Tipping relieves anxiety about being served by strangers. And, says Mr. Lynn, "In America, where people are outgoing and expressive, tipping is about social approval. If you tip badly, people think less of you. Tipping well is a chance to show off." Icelanders, by contrast, do not usually tip—a measure of their introversion, no doubt.
While such explanations may be crude, the hard truth seems to be that tipping does not work. It does not benefit the customer. Nor, in the case of restaurants, does it actually stimulate the waiter, or help the restaurant manager to monitor and assess his staff. Service people should "just be paid a decent wage" which may actually make economic sense.
Which is tree according to the passage？
A．It is regulated that the customers must pay a tip if they want to get good service.
B．There exists the tipping custom in each country.
C．In some countries, tipping has become an industry.
D．More and more people are in favor of tipping.
As the general standard of living in the country rises, the poverty line does, too. Therefore, even with today's relatively high standard of living, about 10 percent of the people in the United States are below the poverty line. However, if these people had stable jobs, they could have an acceptable standard of living. Economists suggest several reasons why poor people do not have jobs.
For one thing, more than half of the poor people in the United States are not qualified to work. Over 40 percent of the poor people are children. By law, children less than 16 years old cannot work in many industries. A large number of poor people are old. Many companies do not hire people over 65 years old, the normal retirement age.
Some poor adults do not look for jobs for a variety of personal reasons: they are sick, they do not have any motivation(动力). they have family problems, or they do notbelieve that they can find a job.
Other poor people look for a job but cannot find one. Many poor adults never went to high school. Therefore, when they look for jobs, they have few skills that they can offer.
At the present time, the government thinks it can reduce poverty in the country in the following ways.
First, if the national economy grows, businesses and industries hire more workers. Some of the poor who are qualified to look for jobs may find employment. Then they will no longer be below the poverty line.
Second, if society invests in the poor, the poor will become more productive. If the government spends money on social programs, education, and training for poor people, the poor will have the skills to offer. Then it is more likely that they can find jobs.
Finally, if the government distributes society's income differently, it raises some poor people above the poverty line. The government collects taxes from the non-poor and gives money to the poor. These payments to the poor are called welfare. In 1975 over 18 million people in the United States received welfare.
Some economists are looking for better solutions to the poverty problem. However, at the present time, many people depend on welfare for a minimally acceptable standard of living.
1.The author's main purpose to write this article is()
A、to define what the poverty line is
B、to explain why some people live the poverty line
C、to find solutions to the problem of poverty
D、to show sympathy for those poor people
2.Which of the following is NOT true？()
A、Ten percent of the Americans live a poor life.
B、Poor people are those who love below the poverty line.
C、The poverty line rises as the general standard of living rises.
D、The poverty line tends to be at the same level.
3.More than 40 percent of the poor people are children. This is mainly because ().
A、they do not have enough motivation
B、they are so young that they are deprived of chances to work
C、they fail to get enough education
D、they are very poor in health
4.Most of the American poor people are not qualified for employment because().
A、they to not have any motivation to work
B、they are not very self-confident
C、they are too young or too old to work
D、they have physical and family problems
5.We may conclude from the passage that().
A、better solutions to the poverty problem are not yet found
B、welfare will enable people to be rich
C、poor people are bound to go out of the poverty line if they have chances to do business
D、employment is the best solution to the poverty problem
