题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
A.A.Right
B.B.Wrong
C.C.Not mentioned
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Sleep and Dreams
We often hear people ask the question, "What did you dream about last night？" This shows that dreaming is a very common experience. Everyone in normal health spends parts of the night dreaming. And just as there are many different types of dreams, there are a variety of dream functions. Let's look at just five.
The first is the function of the experience-monitoring dream. In this, the mind reviews past experience, that is, the experience of the previous day or some event in the more distant past. Such a review is a way of learning the lesson of that experience. Often the dream has an outcome different from what really happened. It represents a more, or less, desirable result. For example, after an unsuccessful interview for a job, you may dream that you are in the same room, before the same people, but now speaking calmly and effectively.
If that dream occurs before your interview, it may be of the creative type. This is another important function of the dream that helps solve problems by suggesting answers.
Freud and his followers attach greatest importance to the function of the wish-fulfilling dream. According to Freud, in our dreams we satisfy desires which our circumstances or personal limitations do not allow us to achieve. For example, a boy with little pocket money may dream a lot of coins falling from the sky. Such dreams are usually very sweet, but short-lived.
The fourth dream function is that which brings us to some external reality, usually by some sensory stimulus (感官刺激). For example, you dream that you are at or in a fire; you start up, and find a cigarette burning in your bedside ash-tray. In this way the senses send messages to the "sleeping" mind warning us of the need to awake in order to take some form. of action.
Finally, the predictive function (预见功能) of the dream, a function people are most uncertain about. But whether or not we believe in the possibility of events being predicted in dreams, the fact is that throughout the ages men have done so. One famous example is about the birth of Buddha. It is said that, one night before Buddha was born, his mother dreamed that a white elephant entered her womb (子宫). Ten months later she gave birth to this great religious leader.
The first paragraph suggests that both dreams and functions of dreams are
A．good to health.
B．bad to health.
C．unimportant in life.
D．of many types.
What was Freud primarily interested in？
A．Money.
B．Jewish independence.
C．University setting.
D．Theory.
请根据短文的内容，回答题。
What Is a Dream？
For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others, however,think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person&39;s mind and emotions.＜br＞
Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.＜br＞
The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud, was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The Interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person&39;s wishes. He believed that dreams allow people to express the feelings, thoughts, and fears that they are afraid to express in real life.＜br＞
The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung was once a student of Freud&39;s. Jung, however, had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams. For example, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.＜br＞
Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz, believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person&39;s daily life, thoughts, and behavior. A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.＜br＞
Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.＜br＞
He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example, the people in men&39;s dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women&39;s dreams. Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern and traditional ones.＜br＞
Can dreams help us understand ourselves？ Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn&39;t panic. The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It&39;s important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.
Not everyone agrees that dreams are meaningful. 查看材料
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
All of the following can be considered right EXCEPT ______ .
A．Sigmund Freud was an outstanding person
B．Sigmund Freud had a tremendous impact on the following people
C．today some people still do not agree on the Freud's theory
D．Freud argued that the mind had deep rational wills hidden from consciousness
What was Freud primarily interested in？
A．Money
B．Jewish independence
C．University setting
D．Theory
It seems that the author of this passage ______ .
A．is one of Freud's devotees
B．believes in both Animism and Zoroastrianism
C．thinks that Freudian theory is sound
D．thinks that the truth is not in the hand of Freud
What did Freud think about one of his patients' remarks "I'll pay you later, Dr. Freud"？
A．He was joking with Freud.
B．He played in Freud's office.
C．He unconsciously revealed his intention of refusing to pay.
D．He only made his empty promise to Freud.
A．contemporaries
B．part-owners
C．companions
D．accomplices
The author believes that Freud's power of imagination ______ .
A．is based on his writing techniques
B．stems from analogy and metaphor
C．is related to his writing skills and living background
D．has much to do with his austere terminologies
