After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had goo - 试题答案网问答

第1题

After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report

After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report: The damage and death toll(死亡人数) could have been much worse. More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, and earthquake of similar __1__ that shook America in 1998 claimed 25,000 victims.

Injuries and deaths were __2__ less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m. On a holiday, when traffic was light on the city's highway. In addition, __3__ made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city's buildings and highways, making them more __4__ to quakes.

In the past, making structures quake-resist-ant meant firm yet __5__ materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to __6__ the impact of ground vibrations. The most __7__ designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports, called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake's vibrations. When ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would __8__ the building to shift in the opposite direction. The new designs should offer even greater __9__ to cities where earthquakes ofen take place.

The new smart structures could be very __10__ to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.

[A]changes

[B]flexible

[C]decrease

[D]recent

[E]push

[F]reduce

[G]relatively

[H]safety

[I]resistant

[J]expensive

[K]force

[L]accordingly

[M]intensity

[N]security

[O]opposed

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第2题

听力原文：Thousands of persons die each year after eating or drinking poisonous substances.

听力原文： Thousands of persons die each year after eating or drinking poisonous substances. Experts say most accidental poisonings happen at or near the home. And most are caused by substances we commonly use at home: medical supplies, insect poisons or cleaning fluids. There are several common signs of poisoning. A sudden feeling of pain or sickness. Bums in the area of the mouth. Or an unusual smell coming from a person's mouth.

Health experts generally advise poison victims to drink water or milk. But never give liquids to someone who is not awake or to those having a violent reaction to the poison. Next, seek help from professional medical experts. Save the material expelled from the mouth for doctors to examine. Save the container of the suspected poison to answer questions the doctors may have. The container may also describe a substance that halts the poison's effects. Use this substance without delay.

Health experts say vomiting sometimes may be started if medical advice is delayed. But vomiting should be used only when it is known the victim took too much of what is called a general poison, such as a medicine. The experts suggest never cause vomiting if the victim was poisoned by a petroleum product or by a substance that was a strong acid or strong alkali. These victims should be taken to a medical center as soon as possible.

(23)

A．Cleaning fluids.

B．Bums.

C．Unusual smell.

D．Milk.

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第3题

Of the six outer planets, Mars, commonly called the Red Planet, is the closest to Earth. M

ars, 4,200 miles in diameter and 55% of the size of the Earth, is 34,600,000 miles from the Earth, and 141,000,000 miles from the Sun. It takes this planet, along 0with its two moons, Phoboes and Deimos, 1.88 years to circle, the Sun, compared to 365 days from the Earth.

For many years, Mars had been thought of as the planet with the man made canals, supposedly discovered by an Italian astronomer, Schiaparelli, in 1877. With the United States spacecraft Viking I's landing on 'Mars in 1976, the man-made canal theory was proven to be only a myth.

Viking I, after landing on the soil of Mars, performed many scientific experiments and took numerous pictures. The pictures showed that the red color of the planet is due to the reddish, rocky Martian soil. No biological life was found, though it had been speculated by many scientists. The Viking al so monitored many weather changes including violent dust storms. Some water vapor, polar ice and permafrost were found, indicating that at one time there were significant quantities of water on this distant planet. Evidence collected by the spacecraft shows some present volcanic action, though the volcanoes are believed to be dormant, if not extinct.

Which of the following is true？

A．Mars is larger than the Earth.

B．Mars had Viking as its moon.

C．Martian soil is brownish rod.

D．It takes longer for Mars to circle the Sun than it takes the Earth.

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第4题

Directions:Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. As war spreads

to many corners of the globe, children sadly have been drawn into the center of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia, however, groups of children have been taking part in peace education __47__. The children, after learning to resolve conflicts, took on the __48__ of peacemakers. The Children\'s Movement for Peace in Colombia was even nominated （提名） for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998. groups of children __49__ as peacemakers studied human rights and poverty issues in Colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools in Bogota known as The Schools of Peace. The classroom __50__ opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with __51__, peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers children to take a step __52__toward becoming peacemakers. Fortunately, educators have access to many online resources that are __53__ useful when helping children along the path to peace. The Young Peacemakers Club, started in 1992, provides a Website with resources for teachers and __54__ on starting a Kindness Campaign. The World Centers of Compassion for Children International call attention to children\'s rights and how to help the __55__ of war. Starting a Peacemakers\' Club is a praiseworthy venture for a class and one that could spread to other classrooms and ideally affect the culture of the __56__ school.

A．acting

I．information

B．assuming

J．offers

C．comprehensive

K．projects

D．cooperative

L．respectively

E．entire

M．role

F．especially M

N．technology

G．forward

O．victims

H．images

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第5题

Gun Rights in the USImmediately after the shooting at Virginia Tech University, Americans

Gun Rights in the US

Immediately after the shooting at Virginia Tech University, Americans gathered to mourn the dead. The president and the state governor both hurried there to share the(51). But the majority of Americans still cling to their right to(52)weapons.

Strictly speaking, the US is not the only country(53)gun violence has destroyed lives, families and communities in everyday circumstance. But the US is one of the(54)countries that seems unwilling and politically incapable of doing anything serious to stop it.

In countries like Britain and Canada, the government adopted stricter(55)control soon after serious gun violence incidents. US leaders, however, are held(56)by the gun lobby and the electoral system.

The powerful National Rifle Association, the major supporter of gun(57)in the US, is too strong for any party to take on. Most Republicans oppose gun controls anyway.(58)the years, the Democrats have found that they can either campaign for gun control or win power, not(59); they prefer power.

According to the US Bureau of Justice Statistics, firearm incidents accounted(60)nine percent of the 4.7 million violent crimes in 2005. So, although opinion polls show most Americans want stricter gun laws, many don't want to give up their arms they(61)to protect themselves.

Dave Hancock, a Virginia gun lover, is one example. In an interview he said. "If one professor in Virginia incident had been carrying a legal weapon they might have been able to(62)all this." In his opinion, the massacre is an argument for more people to carry weapons, not fewer.

But at the root of Americans' clinging to the right to bear arms is not just a fear of crime, but a mistrust of(63), commented UK's Guardian newspaper.

One Virginia resident, who had a permit to carry a concealed firearm, told the Guardian that it was(64)American's responsibility to have a gun.

"Each person," he said, "should not rely solely(65)the government for protection."

A．ceremony

B．funeral

C．tears

D．grief

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第6题

Gun Rights in the US Immediately after the shooting at Virginia Tech University, Americans

Gun Rights in the US

Immediately after the shooting at Virginia Tech University, Americans gathered to mourn the dead. The president and the state governor both hurried there to share the 51 . But the majority of Americans still cling to their right to 52weapons.

Strictly speaking, the US is not the only country 53 gun violence has destroyed lives, families and communities in everyday circumstance. But the US is one of the 54 countries that seems unwilling and politically incapable of doing anything serious to stop it.

In countries like Britain and Canada, the government adopted stricter 55 control soon after serious gun violence incidents. US leaders, however, are held 56 by the gun lobby and the electoral system.

The powerful National Rifle Association, the major supporter of gun 57 in the US, is too strong for any party to take on. Most Republicans oppose gun controls anyway. 58 the years, the Democrats have found that they can either campaign for gun control or win power, not __59; they prefer power.

According to the US Bureau of Justice Statistics, firearm incidents accounted 60 nine percent of the 4.7 million violent crimes in 2005. So, although opinion polls show most Americans want stricter gun laws, many don't want to give up their arms they 61 to protect themselves.

Dave Hancock, a Virginia gun lover, is one example. In an interview he said. "If one professor in Virginia incident had been carrying a legal weapon they might have been able to 62 all this." In his opinion, the massacre is an argument for more people to carry weapons, not fewer.

But at the root of Americans' clinging to the right to bear arms is not just a fear of crime, but a mistrust of 63 , commented UK's Guardian newspaper.

One Virginia resident, who had a permit to carry a concealed firearm, told the Guardian that it was 64 American's responsibility to have a gun.

"Each person," he said, "should not rely solely 65 the government for protection."

51__

A) ceremony B) funeral C) tears D) grief

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第7题

Starting in the mid-1990s, major American cities began a radical transformation. Years o

f high violent crime rates, thefts, robberies, and inner-city decay suddenly started to turn around. Crime rates didnt just hold steadily, and they began falling faster than【M1】______ they went up. That trend appeared in practically every【M2】______ post-industrial American city, simultaneously. "The drop of crime in the 1990s effected all geographic areas【M3】______ and demographic groups," Steven D. Levitt wrote in his landmark paper on the subject, Understanding Why Crime Fell in the 1990s, and elucidated further in a best-selling book Freakonomics. "It【M4】______ was unanticipated that it was widely dismissed as temporary or【M5】______ illusory long after it had begun." He went on to tie the drop to the legalization of abortion 20 years much earlier, dismissing police【M6】______ tactics as a cause but they failed to explain the universality and【M7】______ unexpectedness of the change. Alfred Blumsteins The Crime Drop in America pinned the cause of crime solely on the crack epidemic but gave the credit for its appearance to those self-same【M8】______ policing strategies. Plenty of other theories have been offered to account for the double-digit decrease in violence, from the advent of "broken windows" policies, three strikes laws, changing demographics, gun control laws, and the increasing prevalence of cellphones or an【M9】______ upturn in the economy and cultural shifts in American society. Some of these theories have disproven outright while others【M10】______ require a healthy dose of assumption to turn correlation into causation.

【M1】

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第8题

American cities are similar to other cities around the world. In every country, cities ref

lect the【B1】of the culture. Cities contain the very best aspects of a society: opportunities for education,【B2】, welfare, and entertainment. They also【B3】the very worst parts of a society: violent crime, racial【B4】, and poverty. American cities are changing, just【B5】American society.

After World War Ⅱ, the【B6】of most large American cities decreased;【B7】, the population in many Sun Belt cities increased. Los Angeles and Houston are cities【B8】population increased. These population shifts to and from the city reflect the changing values of American society.

During this time, in the【B9】1940s and early 1950s, city residents became wealthier, more prosperous. They had mare children. They needed more【B10】. They moved out of their apartments in the city to buy their own homes. They bought houses in the【B11】, areas near a city where people live. These are areas without many offices or factories.

Now things are changing. The children of the people who【B12】the cities in the 1950s are now【B13】. They, unlike their parents, want to live in the cities.【B14】continue to move to cities in the Sun Belt. Cities are【B15】and the population is increasing in【B16】states as Texas, Florida, and California. Others are moving to more【B17】cities of the Northeast and Midwest, such as Boston, Baltimore and Chicago.

Many young professionals, doctors, lawyers, and executives are moving back into the city. They prefer the city【B18】the suburbs because their jobs are there; they are afraid of the fuel shortage; or they just【B19】the excitement and opportunities which the city offers. A new class is moving into the cities—a wealthier,【B20】mobile class.

【B1】

A．values

B．attitudes

C．ideas

D．expenses

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第9题

46 .If there is one-which I take leave to doubt-then it is older people who create it, not

the young themselves.Let us get down to fundamentals and agree that the young are after all human beings people just like their elders __47____:the young man has a glorious fu-ture before him and the old one has a splendid future behind him: and maybe that is where the rub is.

When I was a teenager, I felt that I was just young and uncertain that I was a new boy in a huge school, 48 .For one thing, being a problem gives you a certain identity, and that is one of the things the young are busily engaged in seeking.

49 .They have an air of freedom, and they have not a dreary commitment to mean ambitions or love of comfort.They are not anxious social climbers, and they have no devo-tion to material things.All this seems to me to link them with life, and the origins of things.It's as if they were in some sense cosmic beings in violent and lovely contrast with us suburban creatures.All that is in my mind when I meet a young person.He may be conceited, ill-mannered,presumptuous or fatuous, but I do not turn for protection to dreary cliches about respect for elders as if mere age were a reason for respect.I accept that we are equals, 50 .

A．There is only one difference between an old man and a young one

B．People are always talking about "the problem of youth".

C．and I will argue with him as an equal, if I think he is wrong

D．and I would have been very pleased to be regarded as something so interesting as a problem.

E．I find young people exciting

F．It is very enjoyable to teach young children

第 46 题请选择（46）处的最佳答案

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第10题

John Reid became home secretary because of a prison scandal. His predecessor, Charles Clar

ke, was forced to resign in May after admitting that some 1,000 foreign prisoners who ought to have been considered for deportation had been freed. This week Mr. Reid faced a prison crisis of his own, made worse by new figures showing that offenders released early from jail on electronic tags have committed more than 1,000 serious crimes.

In theory, the jails of England and Wales can accommodate just over 80,000 people. By October 6th they were just 210 short of that limit. The obvious remedies—cramming two people into cells built for one, letting more prisoners out on probation and moving convicts far from their families—have already been taken. So, last-ditch measures were put in place this week. Some 500 police cells will be used for prisoners. Foreign convicts' appeals against deportation will no longer be contested, in order to liberate their beds. Others will be paid to go home.

This is one of history's less surprising crises. By the late 1990s Home Office statisticians were not only predicting a rapid rise in prisoner numbers, but also erring on the side of pessimism. Eight years ago, when the prison population was just above 65,000, the department predicted that it would rise to 83,000 by 2005. In 2002 the statisticians' forecasts were also too pessimistic. Yet the politicians still appear to have been caught by surprise.

One reason the prisons are full is that there are more police officers—141,000, compared with 122,000 in 2000. They can now go after crimes that are hard to crack but attract long sentences, such as drug trafficking. The number of people in prison for drug offences has trebled since 1994. And, while the overall crime rate in England and Wales is improving, it may be that some criminals are worse. Cindy Barnett, a London magistrate, reckons the defendants she sees are more violent and have graver drug problems these days. That helps to explain why magistrates sent 27% of robbers straight to prison in 2004—up from just 10% in 1993.

In the past few years, the Home Office has prodded judges and magistrates to punish serious, violent offenders more heavily, while encouraging them to go easier on petty thieves. The former has certainly happened: the number of life sentences has more than doubled since the early 1990s. The latter has not. Populist politicians forgot that judges tend to have fixed ideas about the relative seriousness of offences. Force them to increase sentences for murder, and they will also hand out longer terms to armed robbers.

Finally, there is media pressure. Tabloid newspapers such as the Sun and the Daily Mail hound judges who pass, or even seek to justify, lenient sentences. This week the Sun accused one wig of "living in an ivory tower". Because most people's experience of the criminal-justice system is rare and intermittent, such coverage strongly influences the public mood. Ivory towers notwithstanding, it also stings judges. Penny Derbyshire, an academic who has been following wigs for several years, says they pore over press coverage. "And many of them have wives who read the Daily Mail," she says.

How serious is the problem of crowdedness in prisons of England and Wales？ What are the solutions taken by the authority？

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