根据以下材料,回答题Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in TeensWhile some teenagers m - 试题答案网问答

第1题

根据下面材料，回答题。 Passive Smoking Is Workplace KillerPressure mounted on Britain on M

根据下面材料，回答题。

Passive Smoking Is Workplace Killer

Pressure mounted on Britain on Monday to take action on ____51 ____smoking with new research showing second-hand smoke ____52____ about one worker each week in the hospitality industry (服务Professor Knorad Jamrozik, of Imperial (帝国的) College in London, told a conference on environmental tobacco that second-hand ____53____ kills 49 employees in pubs, bars, restaurants and hotels each year and contributes to 700 deaths from lung cancer, heart____ 54____ and stroke across the total national work force.

"Exposure in the hospitality ____55____ at work outweighs (超过) the consequences of exposure of living ____56____ a smoker for those staff," Jamrozik said in an interview.

Other____ 57____ have measured the levels of exposure to passive smoking but Jamrozik calculated how it would translate into avoidable deaths.

His findings are ____58____ on the number of people working in the hospitality industry in Britain, their exposure to second-hand smoke and their ____59 ____of dying from it.

Jamrozik said the findings would apply to ____60____ countries in Europe because, to a greater or ____61____ extent, levels of smoking in the community are similar.

Professor Carol Black, president of the Royal College of Physicians, which sponsored the meeting, said the research is proof of the need for a ban on smoking in ____62____ places.

"Environmental tobacco smoke in pubs, bars, restaurants and other public places is ____63____ damaging to the health of employees as well as the general public." she said in a statement.

"Making these places smoke-free not only protects vulnerable (易受伤害的) staff and the public, it will ____64____ help over 300,000 people in Britain to stop smoking completely," she added.

Ireland recently became the first country to introduce a national ban on smoking in public ____65____. New York and pads of Australia have taken similar measures.

____________ 查看材料

A.passive

B.natural

C.positive

D.whole

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第2题

根据下面材料，回答题。 Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in TeensWhile some teenage

根据下面材料，回答题。

Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in Teens

While some teenagers may puff on cigarettes to "self-medicate" against the blues, scientists at the University of Toronto and the University of Montreal have found that smoking may actually ____1____ depressive symptoms in some teens.

"This observational study is one of the few to examine the perceived____2____benefits of smoking among teens," says lead researcher Michael Chaiton, a research associate at the Ontario Tobacco Research Unit of the University of Toronto. "____3____ cigarettes may appear to have self-medicating____4____or to improve mood, in the long term we found that teens who started to smoke reported higher depressive symptoms."

As part of the study, some 662 high school teenagers completed up to 20 questionnaires ____5____ their use of cigarettes to affect mood. Secondary schools were selected to provide a mix of French and English participants, urban and rural schools, and schools____6____in high, moderate and low socio-economic neighbourhoods.

Participants were divided into three____7____: never smokers; smokers who did not use cigarettes to self-medicate, improve mood or physical____8____; smokers who used cigarettes to self-medicate.

Depressive symptoms were measured using a scale that asked how felt too fired to do things: had ____9____ going to sleep or staying____10____; felt unhappy, sad, or depressed; felt hopeless about the future; felt vexed, antsy or tense; and worried too much about things.

"Smokers who used cigarettes as mood ____11____ had higher risks of elevated depressive symptoms than teens who had never smoked," says co-researcher Jennifer O&39;Loughlin, a professor at the University of Montreal Department of Social and Preventive Medicine. "Our study found that teen smokers who reported emotional benefits from smoking are at higher risk of ____12____.depressive symptoms."

The ____13____ between depression and smoking exists ____14____among teens that use cigarettes to feel better. "It&39;s ____15____to emphasize that depressive symptom scores were higher among teenagers who reported emotional benefits from smoking after they began to smoke," says Dr.Chaiton.

___________ 查看材料

A.examine

B.increase

C.decrease

D.diagnose

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第3题

根据下面材料，回答题。 MemoryPsychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington Coll

根据下面材料，回答题。

Memory

Psychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington College in Chester town, Maryland, decided to find out whether, as many smokers say, smoking helps them to "think and concentrate".

Spilich put young non-smokers, active smokers and smokers deprived (被剥夺) of cigarettes through a series of tests.

In the first test, each subject (试验对象) sat before a computer screen and pressed a key as soon as he or she recognized a target letter among a grouping of 96. In this simple test, smokers,deprived smokers and nonsmokers performed equally well.

The next test was more complex, requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical letters and respond the instant one of the letters transformed into a different one. Non-smokers were faster,but under the stimulation of nicotine (尼古丁), active smokers were faster than deprived smokers.

In the third test of short-term memory, non-smokers made the fewest errors, but deprived smokers committed fewer errors than active smokers.

The fourth test required people to read a passage, then answer questions about it.

Non-smokers remembered 19 percent more of the most important information than active smokers,and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing. Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories but also had trouble separating important information from insignificant details.

"As our tests became more complex," sums up Spilich, "non-smokers performed better than smokers by wider and wider margins." He predicts, "smokers might perform. adequately at many jobs until they got complicated. A smoking airline pilot could fly adequately if no problems arose,but if something went wrong, smoking might damage his mental capacity."

The purpose of George Spilich‘s experiments is__________. 查看材料

A.to test whether smoking has a positive effect on the mental capacity of smokers

B.to show how smoking damages people"s mental capacity

C.to prove that smoking affects people"s regular performance

D.to find out whether smoking helps people"s short-term memory

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第4题

请根据短文的内容，回答题。 Passive Smoking Is Workplace KillerPressure mounted on Britain on

请根据短文的内容，回答题。

Passive Smoking Is Workplace Killer

Pressure mounted on Britain on Monday to take action on ___________ (51) smoking with new research showing second-hand smoke ___________(52) about one worker each week in the hospitality industry (服务行业) .＜br＞

Professor Knorad Jamrozik, of Imperial (帝国的 ) College in London, told a conference on environmental tobacco that second-hand ___________(53) kills 49 employees in pubs, bars,restaurants and hotels each year and contributes to 700 deaths from lung cancer, heart ___________(54)and stroke across the total national work force.＜br＞

"Exposure in the hospitality ___________ (55) at work outweighs (超过) the consequences of exposure of living ___________(56) a smoker for those staff," Jamrozik said in an interview.＜br＞

Other ___________(57) have measured the levels of exposure to passive smoking but Jamrozik calculated how it would translate into avoidable deaths.＜br＞

His findings are ___________(58) on the number of people working in the hospitality industry in Britain, their exposure to second-hand smoke and their ___________(59) of dying from it.＜br＞

Jamrozik said the findings would apply to ___________ (60) countries in Europe because, to a greater or ___________(61) extent, levels of smoking in the community are similar.＜br＞

Professor Carol Black, president of the Royal College of Physicians, which sponsored the meeting, said the research is proof of the need for a ban on smoking in ___________ (62) places.＜br＞

"Environmental tobacco smoke in pubs, bars, restaurants and other public places is ___________(63)damaging to the health of employees as well as the general public," she said in a statement.＜br＞

"Making these places smoke-free not only protects vulnerable (易受伤害的) staff and the public, it will ___________(64) help over 300,000 people in Britain to stop smoking completely," she added.＜br＞

Ireland recently became the first country to introduce a national ban on smoking in public___________ (65). New York and pubs of Australia have taken similar measures.

_______ 查看材料

A.passive

B.natural

C.positive

D.whole

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第5题

根据以下材料，回答题Racial PrejudiceIn some countries where racial prejudice is acute， viol

根据以下材料，回答题

Racial Prejudice

In some countries where racial prejudice is acute， violence has been taken for granted as a means of solving differences， and this is not even questioned. There are countries 51_________ the white man imposes his rule by brute （粗暴的） force， there are countries where the black man protests by 52_________ fire to cities and by looting and pillaging （抢劫）. Important people on both sides， who would appear to be reasonable men， get up and calmly argue in 53_________ of violence as if it were a legitimate （合法的） solution，54_________ any other. What is really frightening， what really 55_________ you with despair， is the realization that when it comes to the crunch（关键时刻）， we have made no actual 56_________ at all. We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint， but our instincts remain basically unchanged. The whole of the recorded 57_________ of the human race， that tedious documentation of violence， has taught us absolutely nothing. We have still not learnt that 58_________ never solves a problem but makes it more acute. The sheer horror， the blood and the suffering. 59_________ nothing.

No solution ever comes to 60_________ the morning after when we dismally （阴郁地） contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder what hit us.

The truly reasonable men who 61_________ where the solutions lie are finding it harder and harder to get a hearing. They are despised， mistrusted and even persecuted 62_________ their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement. If half the energy that goes into 63_________ acts were put to good use， if our efforts were directed at 64_________ up the slums and ghettos （贫民窟）， improving living-standards and providing education and employment for all，we would not have gone a long way to 65_________ at a solution.

回答（51）题查看材料

A.when

B.why

C.where

D.what

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第6题

根据以下材料，回答题。The Fridge1 The fridge is considered a necessity. It has been so sin

根据以下材料，回答题。

The Fridge

1 The fridge is considered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food first appeared with the label: "store in the refrigerator. "

2 In my fridgeless Fifties childhood， I was fed well and healthily. The milkman came daily， the grocer， the butcher， the baker， and the ice-cream man delivered two or three times a week. The Sunday meat would last until Wednesday and surplus bread and milk became all kinds of cakes. NOthing was wasted and we were never troubled by rotten food. Thirty years on， food deliverieshave ceased， fresh vegettbIes are almost unobtainable in the country.

3 The invention of the fridge contributed comparatively little to the art of food preservation. A vast variety of well-tried techniquesady already existed natural cooling， drying， smoking， salting，sugaring， bottling...

4 What refrigeration did promote was marketing marketing hardware and electricity， marketing soft drinks， marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a good price.

5 Consequently， most of the world"s fridges are to be found， not in the tropics where they might prove useful， but in the ，Tealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary. Every winter， millions of fridges hum away continuously， and at vast expanse，busily maintaining an artificially-cooled space inside an artificially-heated house，-while outside，

nature provides the desired temperature free of charge.

6 The fridge"s effect upon the environment hasbeen evident， while its contribution to human happiness has been insignificant. If you don"t believe me， try it yourself. Invest in a food cabinet and turn off your fridge next winter. You may miss the hamburgers but at least you"ll get ride of that terrible hum.

Paragraph 2 查看材料

A.The invention of the fridge.

B.The pollution caused by fridges.

C.The widespread need for fridges.

D.The days without the fridge.

E.The waste of energy caused by fridges.

F.The fridge"s contribution to commerce.

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第7题

根据以下材料，回答题Study Confirms Red Meat Link with Bowed （结肠） CancerPeople who eat mor

根据以下材料，回答题

Study Confirms Red Meat Link with Bowed （结肠） Cancer

People who eat more than 160 grams of red or processed meat a day are 35 percent more likely to develop bowel cancer than those who eat less 51______ 20 grams a day， according to one of the biggest nutrition investigations ever carried out.

The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition followed 478，040 men and women 52______ 35 to 70 from 10 European countries.

All subjects were free of cancer at enrollment between 1992 and 1998， but 53______ an average follow-up of almost 5 years 1，329 bowel cancers had been reported.

The subsequent analysis， published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute， confirms the long-held suspicion 54______ high intakes （纳入量） of red meat are associated with increased bowel 55______ risk.

After taking into consideration factors like age， sex， height， weight， energy intake physical activity，smoking， and alcohol consumption， the investigators found that bowel cancer was 56______ with intake of red and processed meat but not chicken.

Risk of bowel cancer dropped with increasing intake of fish. Eating more than 80 grams a day of fish was associated 57______ a 31 percent reduction in risk compared with eating less than 10 grams a 58______

Subjects with high red meat and low fish intake were at 63 percent higher" risk of bowel cancer compared with subjects with low red meat and high fish 59______ . In addition， the risk of developing the disease was increased for 60______ people who ate a low fibre diet.

Sheila Bingham， study investigator at the UK"s Medical Research Council nutrition unit， said:

"People have suspected for some time that high levels of red and processed meat 61______ risk of bowel cancer， but this is one of the largest studies worldwide and the first from Europe of this type to show a 62 ______relationship."

She added in a statement: "the overall picture is very consistent for red and processed meat and fibre across all the 63______ populations studied."

Study coordinator， Elio Riboli， of the World Health Organisation International Agency for Research into Cancer， said: "Other risk factors for 64______ cancer include obesity （肥胖） and lack of physical activity. Smoking and excess alcohol may also play a 65______. These factors were all taken into account in the analysis.

回答（51）题查看材料

A.from

B.than

C.between

D.among

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第8题

请根据短文内容，回答题。 Cigars Instead？Smoking one or two cigars a day doubles the risk o

请根据短文内容，回答题。

Cigars Instead？

Smoking one or two cigars a day doubles the risk of cancers of the lip, tongue, mouth, and throat, according to a government study.

Daily cigars also increase the risk of lung cancer and cancer of the esophagus, and increase the risk of cancer of the larynx (voice-box) six-fold, say researchers at the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda, Maryland.

In addition, the report revealed that smoking three or four cigars a day increased the risk of oral cancer to 8.5 times the risk for nonsmokers and the risk of esophageal cancer by four times the risk of nonsmokers.

The health effects of smoking cigars is one of eight sections of the article "Cigars: Health Effects and Trends." The researchers report that, compared with a cigarette, a large cigar emits up to 90 times as much carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamines.

"This article provides clear and invaluable information about the disturbing increase in cigar use and the significant public health consequences for the country," said Dr. Richard Klausner,director of the National Cancer Institute, in a statement.

"The data are clear -- the harmful substances and carcinogens in cigar smoke, like cigarettes, are associated with the increased risks of several kinds of cancers as well as heart and lung diseases," he added. "In other words, cigars are not safe alternatives to cigarettes and may be addictive."

"To those individuals who may be thinking about smoking cigars, our advice is -- don&39;t. To those currently smoking cigars, quitting is the only way to eliminate completely the cancer, heart and lung disease risks," warned Klausner.

According to National Cancer Institute press release, there haven&39;t been any studies on the health effects on nonsmokers at cigar social events, but "...a significant body of evidence clearly demonstrates and increased lung cancer risk from secondhand smoke."

According to the report， smoking three or four cigars a day __________. 查看材料

A.increases the risk of oral cancer for non-smokers

B.greatly increases the risk of oral cancer for smokers

C.increases the risk of more than one cancer for non-smokers

D.greatly increases the risk of more than one cancer for smokers

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第9题

请根据短文的内容，回答题。 Cigars Instead？Smoking one or two cigars a day doubles the risk

请根据短文的内容，回答题。

Cigars Instead？

Smoking one or two cigars a day doubles the risk of cancers of the lip, tongue, mouth, and throat,according to a government study"＜br＞

Daily cigars also increase the risk of lung cancer and cancer of the esophagus, and increase the risk of cancer of the larynx (voice-box) six-fold, say researchers at the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda, Maryland.＜br＞

In addition, the report revealed that smoking three or four cigars a day increased the risk of oral cancer to 8.5 times the risk for nonsmokers and the risk of esophageal cancer by four times the risk of nonsmokers.＜br＞

The health effects of smoking cigars is one of eight sections of the article Cigars: Health Effects and Trends. The researchers report that, compared with a cigarette, a large cigar emits up to 90 times as much carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamines.＜br＞

"This article provides clear and invaluable information about the disturbing increase in cigar use and the significant public health consequences for the country," said Dr. Richard Klausner,director of the National Cancer Institute, in a statement.＜br＞

"The data are clear -- the harmful substances and carcinogens in cigar smoke, like cigarettes,are associated with the increased risks of several kinds of cancers as well as heart and lung diseases," he added. "In other words, cigars are not safe alternatives to cigarettes and may be addictive."＜br＞

"To those individuals who may be thinking about smoking cigars, our advice is -- don&39;t. To those currently smoking cigars, quitting is the only way to eliminate completely the cancer, heart and lung disease risks," warned Klausner.＜br＞

According to National Cancer Institute press release, there haven&39;t been any studies on the health effects on nonsmokers at cigar social events, but "...a significant body of evidence clearly demonstrates an increased lung cancer risk from secondhand smoke.

According to the report， smoking three or four cigars a day __________. 查看材料

A.increases the risk of oral cancer for non-smokers

B.greatly increases the risk of oral cancer for smokers

C.increases the risk of more than one cancer for non-smokers

D.greatly increases the risk of more than one cancer for smokers

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第10题

根据以下资料，回答题。＜IMG nerror=jQuery.utils.imgErrorCallback（this） src="http://im

根据以下资料，回答题。

＜IMG nerror=jQuery.utils.imgErrorCallback（this） src="http://img.shangxueba.cn/files/20141104/20141104134737_1884.jpg" "＞查看材料

2003——2011年，累计完成全社会固定资产投资额为

A.1523431

B.1448711

C.1384561

D.1267751

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根据以下材料，回答题Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in TeensWhile some teenagers m