From Socrates’ debate with his students, we know that _____.A.good people never cheat ot - 试题答案网问答

第1题

He was a funny looking man with a cheerful face, good-natured and a great talker. He was d

escribed by his student, the great philosopher Plato, as" the best and most just and wisest man." Yet, the same man was condemned to death for his beliefs.

The man was the Greek philosopher, Socrates, and he was condemned for not believing in the recognized gods and for corrupting young people. The second charge stemmed from his association with numerous young men who came to Athens from all over the civilized world to study under him.

Socrates' method of teaching was to ask questions and, by pretending not to know the answers, to press his students into thinking for themselves. His teachings had unsurpassed influence on all the great Greek and Roman schools of philosophy. Yet, for all his fame and influence, Socrates himself never wrote a word.

Socrates encouraged new ideas and free thinking in the young, and this was frightening to the conservative people. They wanted him silenced. Yet, many were probably surprised that he accepted death so readily.

Socrates had the right to ask for a lesser penalty, and he probably could have won over enough of the people who had previously condemned him. But Socrates, as a firm believer in law, reasoned that it was proper to submit to the death sentence. So, he calmly accepted his fate and drank a cup of poison hemlock in the presence of his grief-stricken friends and students.

In the first paragraph, the word yet is used to introduce______.

A．contrast

B．a sequence

C．emphasize

D．an example.

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第2题

He was a funny looking man with a cheerful face, good-natured and a great talker. He was d

escribed by his student, the great philosopher Plato, as "the best and most just and wisest man." Yet, this same man was condemned to death for his beliefs.

The man was the Greek philosopher, Socrates, and he was condemned for not believing in the recognized gods and for corrupting young people. The second charge stemmed from his association with numerous young men who came to Athens from all over the civilized world to study under him.

Socrates method of teaching was to ask questions and, by pretending not to know the answers, to press his students into thinking for themselves. His teaching had unsurpassed influence on all the great Greek and Roman schools of philosophy. Yet, for all his fame and influence, Socrates himself never wrote a word.

Socrates encouraged new .ideas and free thinking in the young, and this was frightening to the conservative people. They wanted him silenced. Yet, many were probably surprised that he accepted death so readily.

Socrates had the right to ask for a lesser penalty, and he probably could have won over enough of the people who had previously condemned him. But Socrates, as a firm believer in law, reasoned that it was proper to submit to the death sentence. So, he calmly accepted his fate and drank a cup of poison hemlock (毒人参) in the presence of his grief-stricken friends and students.

Which of the following can best tell the main idea of the passage？

A．Socrates and his death.

B．Socrates beliefs.

C．Socrates, a wise man and his beliefs.

D．Socrates and his philosophy.

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第3题

听力原文：The Greek philosopher Socrates taught "the man who is master of himself is truly

free". By being master of oneself he meant first knowing oneself, one's faults and weak nesses and one's good points, without making any pretence, and then being able to control oneself. This knowledge of himself was what helped a man to be courageous, and the courageous man has a very important sort of freedom: freedom from fear.

Socrates himself always felt free to teach what he thought was right; however, this might make him unpopular with the powerful people in Athens. Some of the rulers in Athens did not like people to be encouraged to ask too many questions; they feared that people would begin asking questions about what their rulers were doing. So they accused Socrates of teaching young men evil things. At last they had him arrested and sentenced him to death. During the 30 days that lay between Socrates' trial and execution, his friends and pupils were allowed to spend a great deal of time with him in his prison. They were astonished to find that he was calm and cheerful and seemed to have no fear of dying. He talked to them and taught them just as he used to in the streets and market places of the city.

The Greeks' way of executing people was to make them drink a cup of deadly poison. When the poison was brought to Socrates, his friends were in tears, but Socrates took the cup quietly and drank it as if it were a glass of wine at a banquet.

(33)

A．A man w. ho is courageous.

B．A man who knows his faults.

C．A man who knows his weakness.

D．A man who has a clear knowledge of himself.

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第4题

The philosophy of the Cyrenaic school, founded by Aristippus, proceeds on the assumption t

hat happiness is, in point of fact, the good, the supreme good, or chief end of man; and this assumption, so far from being discountenanced by the philosophy of Socrates, is involved in that philosophy as one of its most vital principles. Viewed as a matter of fact, we must admit that his own happiness, whatever it may consist in, or whatever may be the means to be employed in the attainment, is the end which each individual has most at heart, and at which he ultimately aims. This is the end after which all men most eagerly strive. Happiness is the goal, which, consciously or unconsciously, we are all struggling to reach. Milton has written two epic poems in which he commemorates our fallen and our restored condition. He has written Paradise Lost and Paradise Regained. But the true epic of humanity—the epic which is in a constant course of evolution from the beginning until the end of time, the epic which is daily poured forth from the heart of the whole human race, sometimes in rejoicing paeans, but oftener amid woeful lamentation, tears, and disappointed hopes—what is it but Paradise sought for？

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第5题

More than 2,000 years ago, the philosopher Socrates wandered around Athens asking questio

ns, an approach to find【M1】______ truth that thinkers venerated ever since. In modern times, the【M2】______ Socratic method was adapted for use in universities and became the dominant form. of instruction for students learning philosophy and the law. The most recently national survey on the subject【M3】______ found that 97% of law-school professors use the Socratic method in first-year classes. Socratic dialogues seem to work for the【M4】______ ancient Greeks. Are they efficient for people today？ Recently, a【M5】______ group of researchers decided to find out. In a study published in the December 2011 issue of the journal Mind, Brain, and Education, four cognitive scientists from Argentina describe what happened when they asked contemporary high school and college students a series of questions identified to【M6】______ those posed by Socrates. In one of his most famous lessons, Socrates showed a young slave boy with a square, then led him【M7】______ through a series of 50 questions intended to teach the boy how to draw the second square with an area twice as large as the first. Students in the 2011 experiment, led by researcher Andrea Goldin, gave answers astonishing similar to those offered by Socrates【M8】______ pupils, even making the same mistakes he made. " Our results【M9】______ show that the Socratic dialogue is built on a strong intuition of human knowledge and reasoning which persist more than【M10】______ twenty-four centuries after its conception," the researchers write. Their findings, Goldin and his co-authors add, demonstrate the existence of "human cognitive universals traversing time and cultures."

【M1】

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第6题

【A5】A.CALLING FOR AN OPEN-MINDED CONSIDERATION OF THE ISSUE B.LESSONS FROM THE PAST C.VA

【A5】

A.CALLING FOR AN OPEN-MINDED CONSIDERATION OF THE ISSUE

B.LESSONS FROM THE PAST

C.VARIOUS IMPLICATIONS IMAGINED

D.AN EXPECTED ATTACK FROM THOSE STANDING ON THE NATURAL AND RELIGIOUS GROUND

E.A NO-NO TO HUMANS IN FEBRUARY 1997, MY COLLEAGUES AND I ANNOUNCED THE ARRIVAL OF DOLLY THE SHEEP, THE FIRST MAMMAL CLONED FROM AN ADULT CELL.THE REACTION OF THE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY WAS, ON THE WHOLE, FRIENDLY, IF SOMEWHAT INCREDULOUS.IN CONTRAST, THE PUBLIC"S REACTION WAS EXTREMELY NEGATIVE, PRIMED PARTLY BY A MEDIA WEANED ON A DIET OF CLONING SCARE STORIES AND PULP FICTIO

N. 【A1】______ THE ISSUE WAS NOT THAT THIS NEW TECHNOLOGY CREATED AN ABOMINATION, A FREAK ANIMAL; AFTER ALL, DOLLY WAS, AND REMAINS, A RATHER HANDSOME SHEEP.IT WAS THE FEAR THAT THE TECHNIQUES COULD, AND SOME SAID WOULD, BE APPLIED TO HUMANS THAT PROVOKED THE FRENZIED DEBAT

E. 【A2】______ THE FIRST OLD CHESTNUT RAISED WAS THAT THERE WOULD BE THE CLONING OF DICTATORS, FOLLOWED BY THESE POSSIBILITIES, POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE:CELEBRITY CLONING, SELF- CLONING, THE PRE-SELECTION OF CITIZENS BY THE STATE WITH ITS ECHOES OF ALDOUS HUXLEY"S FUTURISTIC NOVEL BRAVE NEW WORLD, THE REINCARNATION OF DEAD LOVED ONES, TREATMENT FOR INFERTILE COUPLES, A ROUTE TO AVOID PARENTAL GENETIC DISEASE BEING PASSED ON TO CHILDREN AND A WAY TO CURE TERMINAL ILLNESS. 【A3】______ ENOUGH TIME HAS PASSED SINCE DOLLY"S ARRIVAL FOR A SOBER, THOROUGH REASSESSMENT OF THE PROSPECTS FOR HUMAN CLONING AND WHAT IT IS ABOUT SUCH CLONING THAT CAUSES PEOPLE FEAR AND CONCER

N. 【A4】______ MANY PEOPLE HAD A GENUINE GUT REACTION TO NEWS OF DOLLY, AND THAT APPARENTLY REMAINS UNDIMINISHED IN ITS INTENSITY.AN AFFRONT TO NATURE, A BLASPHEMY, MAN PLAYING GOD —SUCH COMMENTS WERE OFTEN MAD

E.BUT WE SHOULD RECOGNIZE THAT HUMAN REPRODUCTION IS A SENSITIVE TOPIC AND A NEW METHOD THAT HAS AN IMPACT ON HUMAN REPRODUCTION WILL ALWAYS BE GREETED WITH FEAR AND REVULSION BY THE MAJORITY WHO HAVE NO PROBLEMS PROCREATIN

G. 【A5】______ THE TECHNIQUES OF DONOR SPERM INSEMINATION AND IN VITRO FERTILIZATION, INTRODUCED IN THE 1950S AND 1970S RESPECTIVELY, WERE MET WITH GREAT HOSTILITY AND THREATS OF CRIMINAL LEGISLATION IN SOME COUNTRIES.THAT HOSTILITY MODERATED OVER THE YEARS AS SOME EARLY FEARS EVAPORATED, AND GREAT JOY WAS BROUGHT TO SOME COUPLES.BUT CONTROVERSY REMAINS IN THE VERY LOW SUCCESS RATES IN IVF, AND IN THE DISPUTES THAT CAN ARISE OVER LEGAL PATERNITY BETWEEN A CHILD"S BIOLOGICAL AND NON-BIOLOGICAL PARENTS.ALTHOUGH HUMAN CLONING WOULD FURTHER COMPLICATE THE LEGAL ISSUES,THIS IS NOT GROUND FOR BANNING IT. CHARGES THAT MAN IS "PLAYING GOD" BY CONTROLLING NATURE ARE EASILY DISMISSED BECAUSE, FOR AS LONG AS HE HAS BEEN ABLE TO INTERVENE IN NATURE, MAN HAS BEEN "PLAYING GOD".MEDICAL PRACTICE IS JUST ONE EXAMPL

E.AS TO THE CLONING OF DICTATORS AND CELEBRITIES, OR THE MANUFACTURE OF A "SUPER RACE", WE ALL UNDERSTAND THAT GENETIC IDENTITY DOES NOT GUARANTEE IDENTICAL PERSONALITY AND BEHAVIOR.THESE USES, ALONG WITH THE CLONING OF DEAD LOVED ONES, ARE UNETHICAL:THEY INEVITABLY DIMINISH THE NEW INDIVIDUAL"S SENSE OF ESTEEM AND IDENTITY BECAUSE THEY MAY CONSIDER THEMSELVES TO BE THE PRODUCT OF AN ASSEMBLY LIN

E.

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第7题

【A1】A.CALLING FOR AN OPEN-MINDED CONSIDERATION OF THE ISSUE B.LESSONS FROM THE PAST C.VA

【A1】