题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
A．apocryphal
B．deciduous
C．rare
D．innumerable
E．vanished
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更多“Current estimates put thirteen…”相关的问题
Listen to Track 26.
A．It is likely that the current age estimates for the South Pole-Aitken Basin are based on incorrect assumptions.
B．It is disappointing how little the technology to analyze Moon rocks has advanced since the days of the Moon landings.
C．Too few of the original Moon-rock samples were dated accurately.
D．It is important to obtain a more precise determination of the Moon"s age.
_____The World Health Organization estimates that tobacco use kills nearly 5 million people worldwide every year. In the US alone, about 440,000 people die each year from tobacco-related illnesses; about one-third of all cancers in the US are caused by tobacco use. If current trends continue, WHO estimates, by 2025 tobacco will kill 10 million people each year
A.Tobacco stocks also perked up as investors discounted fears of litigation(诉讼)from the US
B.So far, 109 countries have signed it, and 12 have ratified it.
C.The impact of the treaty could be huge.
D.Countries that ratify(批准)it would be required to enact strict tobacco control policies.
E.The treaty calls for higher tobacco taxes, restrictions on smoking in public places, and more promotion of tobacco prevention and cessation programs.
F.The Senate must still approve the treaty before the US can implement its provisions
Better Control of TB Seen If a Faster Cure Is Found
The World Health Organization estimates that about one-third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis. Most times, the infection remains inactive. But each year about eight million people develop active cases of TB, usually in their(51). Two million people die(52)it. The disease has(53)with the spread of AIDS and drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis.
Current treatments take at least six months. Patients have to(54)a combination of several antibiotic drugs daily. But many people stop(55)they feel better. Doing that can(56)to an infection that resists treatment. Public health experts agree that a faster-acting cure for tuberculosis would be more effective. Now a study estimates just how(57)it might be. A professor of international health at Harvard University led the study. Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients(58). It would also mean(59)infectious patients who can pass on their infection to others.
The researchers developed a mathematical model to examine the effects of a two-month treatment plan. They(60)the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia. The scientists found that a two-month treatment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases. And it might(61)about twenty-five percent of TB deaths. The model shows that these(62)would take place between two thousand twelve and two thousand thirty. That is, if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by two thousand twelve.
The Word Health Organization(63)the DOTS program in nineteen ninety. DOTS is Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course. Health workers watch tuberculosis patients take their daily pills to make(64)they continue treatment.
Earlier this year, an international partnership of organizations announced a plan m expand the DOTS program. The ten-year plan also aims to finance research(65)new TB drugs. The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old. The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development says its long-term goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses.
A．kidneys
B．lungs
C．bones
D．livers
Better Control of TB seen if a faster cure is found
The World Health 0rganization1 estimates that about one—third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis．Most times，the infection remains inactive．But each year about eight million people develop active cases of TB，usually in their______（1）．Two million people die______ （2）it．The disease has______ （3）with the spread of AIDS and drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis．
Current treatments take at least six months．Patients have to ______（4）a combination of several antibiotic drugs daily．But many people stop——（5）they feel better．Doing that can______ （6）to an infection that resists treatment．Public health experts agree that a faster-acting cure for tuberculosis would be more effective．Now a study estimates just how______ （7）it might be．A professor of international health at Harvard University2 led the study．Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients______（8）．It would also mean______ （9）infectious patients who can pass on their infection to others．
The researchers developed a mathematical model to examine the effects of a two-month treatment plan．They______ （1 0）the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia．The scientists found that a two-month treatment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases．And it might______ （11）about twenty-five percent of TB deaths．The model shows that these______ （12）would take place between two thousand twelve and two thousand thirty．That is，if a faster cure is developed
and in wide use by two thousand twelve．
The World Health Organization______ （13）the DOTS。program in nineteen ninety．DOTS is Directly Observed Treatment，Short-course．Health workers watch tuberculosis patients take their daily pills to make______ （14）they continue treatment．
Earlier this year，an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expand the DOTS program．The ten-year plan also aims to finance research ______ （15）new TB drugs．The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old．The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development。says its long-term goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses．
第 31 题
A．kidneys
B．1ungs
C．bones
D．1ivers
Better Control of TB seen if a faster cure is found
The World Health Organizationl estimates that about one-third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis．Most times，the infection remains inactive．But each year about eight million people develop active cases ofTB，usually in their_______(1)．Two million people die_______(2)it．The disease has_______(3)with the spread of AIDS and drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis．
Current treatments take at least six months．Patients have to_______(4)a combination of several antibiotic drugs daily．But many people stop_______(5)they feel better．Doing that can_______(6)to an infection that resists treatment．Public health experts agree that a faster—acting cure for tuberculosis would be more effective．Now a study estimates just how_______(7)it might be．A professor of international health at Harvard University2 led the study．Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients_______(8)．It would also mean_______(9)infectious patients who can pass on their infection to others．
The researchers developed a mathematical model to examine the effects of a two—month treatment plan．They_______(10)the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia．The scientists found that a two—month treatment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases．And it might_______(11)about twenty—five percent of TB deaths． The model shows that these_______(12)would take place between two thousand twelve and two thousand thirty．That is，if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by two thousand twelve．
The World Health organization_______(13)the DOTS3 program。in nineteen ninety．DOTS is Directly Observed Treatment，Short—course．Health workers watch tuberculosis patients take their daily pills to make_______(14)they continue treatment．
Earlier this year，an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expand the DOTS program．The ten—year plan also aims to finance research_______(15)new TB drugs．The[bur most common drugs used ROW are more than forty years old．The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development4 says its long—tmma goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses.
词汇：
bacterium(pl．bacteria)n．细菌tuberculosis n．结核(病)
inactive adj．不活跃的，非活动性的 antibiotic adj.抗生的n．抗生素
alliance n．同盟，联盟
注释：
1．World Health Organization(WHO)：世界卫生组织
2．Harvard University(=Harvard)：(美国)哈佛大学
3．DOTS(Directly Observed Treatment，Short—course)：短期直接观察治疗
4．Global Alliance for TB Drug Development：全球结核病药物开发联盟
练习：
第 51 题
A．kidneys
B．lungs
C．bones
D．livers
US Signs Global Tobacco Treaty
1 The United States has taken the first step toward approving a global tobacco treaty that promises to help control the deadly effects of tobacco use throughout the world. Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson signed the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) this week at the United Nations. The Senate must still approve the treaty before the US can implement its provisions.
2 The FCTC was developed by the World Health Organization and approved by members of the World Health Assembly, including the United States, last year. Countries that ratify it would be required to enact strict tobacco control policies.
3 For instance, cigarettes sold in those countries would have to have health warnings on at least 30% of the front and back of every pack. The treaty calls for higher tobacco taxes, restrictions on smoking in public places, and more promotion of tobacco prevention and cessation programs. It also requires bans on tobacco advertising, though there are some exceptions for countries like the United States, where the Constitution prohibits such an outright ban.
4 The impact of the treaty could be huge. The World Health Organization estimates that tobacco use kills nearly 5 million people worldwide every year. In the US alone, about 440,000 people die each year from tobacco-related illnesses; about one-third of all cancers in the US are caused by tobacco use. If current trends continue, WHO estimates, by 2025 tobacco will kill 10 million people each year.
5 The treaty must be ratified by at least 40 countries before it can take effect. So far, 109 countries have signed it, and 12 have ratified it.
A What the FCTC Demands
B US Signing of the FCTC
C Opposition to the FCTC
D How the FCTC Came into Being
E What the FCTC Will Bring about
F Ratification of the FCTC
Paragraph 1 ______
【M1】
After the home, school is the main social environment where children not only receive their formal education but also develop their identities within peer groups. All school children in Britain are encouraged to take up activities which complement their academic and vocational education and help to identify their individual talent, such as sports, drama, music and creative pursuits. Many of these form. part of the school curricula.
The personal development and informal social education of young people aged from 11 to 25 are also promoted by the Youth Service in Britain. The Service is a partnership between law authorities and a large number of voluntary organizations. A recent survey estimates that nearly six million young people in this age group are either current or past participants in the Service.
Youth clubs and centers are the most common types of Youth Service provision, encouraging their members to participate in sport, cultural and creative activities, and community service. Some also provide information and counseling. Youth clubs may be branches of national or international bodies or they may be entirely local institutions.
(33)
A．At school.
B．At home.
C．At Youth Clubs.
D．At Youth Centers.
The initiative highlights the cost of chronic diseases -- the leading causes of death in the United States -- and outlines ways that people can prevent them, including better diet and increased exercise.
"In the United States today, 7 of 10 deaths and the vast majority of serious illness, disability health care costs are caused by chronic diseases,." the Health and Human Services Department said in a statement.
The causes are often behavioral -- smoking, poor eating habits and a lack of exercise.
"I am convinced that preventing disease by promoting better health is a smart policy choice for future," Thompson told a conference held to launch the initiative.
"Our current health care system is not structured to deal with the escalating costs of treating diseases that are largely preventable through changes in our lifestyle. choices."
Thompson said heart disease and strokes will cost the country more than $351 billion in 2003.
"These leading causes of death for men and women are largely preventable, yet we as a nation arc not taking the steps necessary for us to lead healthier, longer lives," he said.
The $15 million is slated (计划) to go to communities to promote prevention, pushing for changes as simple as building sidewalks to encourage people to walk more.
Daily exercise such as walking can prevent and even reverse heart disease and diabetes, and prevent cancer and strokes.
The money will also go to community organizations, clinics and nutritionists who are being aged to work together to educate people at risk of diabetes about what they can do to prevent it and encourage more cancer screening.
The American Cancer Society estimates that half of all cancers can be caught by screening, including Pap tests for cervical cancer, mammograms for breast cancer, colonoscopies, and prostate checks.
If such cancers were all caught by early screening, the group estimates that file survival rate for cancer would rise to 95 percent.
Which of the following is NOT true of chronic diseases in the U. S.？
A．They account for 70% of all deaths.
B．They are responsible for most of the health care costs.
C．They often result in unhealthy lifestyles.
D．They are largely preventable.
Preventing Child Maltreatment(虐待）
Child maltreatment is aglobal problem with serious life-long consequences. There are no reliable global estimates for the prevalence (流行） of child maltreatment. Data for many countries, especiallylow-and middle-income countries, are lacking.
Child maltreatment iscomplex and difficult to study. Current estimates vary widely depending on the country and the method of research used.Nonetheless,international studies reveal that approxi-mately 20% of women and 5～10% of men reportbeing sexually abused as children,while 25～50% of all children report being physically abused.Additionally, many children are subject to emotional "abuse(sometimesreferred to as psychological abuse and neglect).
Every year,there are about31,000 homicide(杀人)deaths in children under 15. This number un-derestimates the trueextent of the problem,as a significant proportion of deaths due to childmaltreat-ment are incorrectly attributed to falls, burns and drowning.
Child maltreatment causessuffering to children and families and can have long-term conse-quences.Maltreatment causes stress that is associated with disruption in early braindevelopment. Ex-treme stress can impair(伤害)the development ofthe nervous and immune(免疫)systems. Consequent-ly,as adults,maltreated children are at increasedrisk for behavioural, physical and mental health prob-lems. Via(通过)the behavioural andmental health consequences, maltreatment can contribute to heart disease,cancer, suicide and sexually transmitted infections.
Beyond the health consequencesof child maltreatment, there is an economic impact, including costs ofhospitalization,mental health treatment, ch ild welfare, and longer-term healthcosts.
A number of risk factors forchild maltreatment have been identified. These risk factors are not present inall social and cultural contexts, but provide an overview when one attempts tounderstand the causes of child maltreatment.
It is important to emphasizethat children are the victims and are never to blame for maltreatment.A numberof characteristics of an individual child may increase the likelihood of beingmaltreated, such as being either under four years old or an adolescent, beingunwanted,or failing to fulfill the expecta-tions of parents and having specialneeds' crying persistently or having abnormal physical features.
International studies reveal that
A.many children have been neglected
B.child maltreatment is most serious in developed countries
C.20% of children have been sexually abused
D.25~50% of girls have been physically abused
