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In New York, Boston and other cities, homelessness is at record levels, a consequence of a faltering (摇晃的) economy that has crumbled even further after the Sept. 11 attacks.
A survey by the U.S. Conference of Mayors released last week found that requests for emergency shelter in 27 cities had increased an average of 13 percent over last year. The report said the increases were 26 percent in Trenton; 25 percent in Kansas City, Mo; 22 percent in Chicago; 20 percent in Denver; and 20 percent in New Orleans.
An unusual confluence of factors seems to be responsible for the surge. Housing prices, which soared in the expansion of the 1990's, have not gone down, even though the economy has tumbled. A stream of layoffs has newly unemployed people taking low-wage jobs that might have otherwise gone to the poor. Benefits for welfare recipients are expiring under government imposed deadlines. And charitable donations to programs that help the disadvantaged are down considerably, officials around the country said, because of the economy and the outpouring of donations for people affected by Sept. 11.
"This is an unprecedented convergence (集中) of calamities (灾难)," said Xavier De Souza Briggs, an assistant professor of public policy at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard. "It's really a crisis."
More than half the cities surveyed by the mayors' group reported that in the last year people had remained homeless longer, an average of six months.
There is no total number for the homeless nationwide. Experts said it was difficult to compare the situ- ation with statistics in previous decades, because counting methods have improved. Yet, several experts said they believed that the increases reported by cities like Boston and Chicago reflected a national trend.
"My impression is that there is more homelessness now than there was 20 years ago." Gary Burtless, an economist at the Brookings Institution, said, adding that he believed that economic factors were not the sole explanation.
"I think that there must be a greater segment of our population that has tenuous connections to family and friends, and therefore has fewer resources to fall back on when something very bad happens like when they lose their job." he said.
Which of the following is NOT a reason for the increase of homelessness？
A．Unemployment.
B．Housing prices.
C．Sept. 11 attacks.
D．Floods.
Ethnic Tensions in Belgium
Belgium has given the world Audrey Hepburn Rene Magritte (surrealist artist), the saxophone(萨克斯管)and deep-fried potato chips that are somehow called French.
But the story behind this flat, twice-Beijing-size country is of a bad marriage between two nationalities living together that cannot stand each other. With no new government, more than a hundred days after a general election, rumors run wild that the country is about to disappear.
"We are two different nations, an artificial state. With nothing in common except a king, chocolate and beer." Said Filp Dewinter, the leader of the Flemish Bloc, the extreme-right Flemish party.
Radical Flemish separatists like Mr Dewinter want to divide the country horizontally along ethnic and economic lines: to the north. Flanders—where Dutch (known locally as Flemish) is spoken and money is increasingly made; to the south. French-speaking Wallonla, where today old factories dominate the landscape.
The area of present-day Belgium passed to the French in the 18th century. Following the defeat of Napoleon in 1815. Belgium was given to the kingdom of the Netherlands, from which it gained independence as a separate kingdom of the Netherlands, from which it gained independence as a separate kingdom in 1830.
Since then, it has struggled for cohesion(结合).Anyone who has spoken French in a Flemish city quickly gets a sense of the mutual hostility that is part of daily life there.
But there are reasons Belgium is likely to stay together, at least in the short term.
The economies of the two regions are tightly linked, and separation would be a financial nightmare.
But there is also deep resentment in Flanders that its much healthier economy must subsidize(补贴)the south, where unemployment is double that of the north. French speakers in the south, meanwhile, favor the states quo(现状).
Belgium has made it through previous threats of division. Although some political analysts believe this one is different, there is no panic just now.
"We must not worry too much." said Baudouln Bruggeman, a 55-year-old school-teacher." Belgium has survived on compromise since 1930. You have to remember that this is Magritte's country, the country of surrealism. Anything can happen."
36.Who was Magritte？
A.A French novelist
B.A saxophonist
C.A separatist
D.A surrealist artist
37.when did Belgium become an independent kingdom？
A.in 1800
B.in 1830
C.in 1815
D.in 1930
38.Which statement about Belgium is NOT true？
A.it is twice as big as Beijing.
B.it has two major ethnic groups.
C.it has gone through quite a few threats of division.
D.it has no government.
39.what does the passage main talk about？
A.Surrealist artists.
B.Belgium's economy.
C.Cultural clashes in Belgium.
D.Music in Belgium.
40.The word "stand" in Paragraph 2 means_____.
A.handle
B.meet
C.combine
D.bear
People all over the world know Wimbledon as the center of lawn tennis.
In 1874 it was a country village, but it was the home of the All England Croquet Club. The Club had been there since 1864. A lot of people played croquet in England at that time and enjoyed it, but the national championships did not attract many people. So the Club had very little money.
"This new game of lawn tennis seems to have plenty of action (精彩场面), and people like watching it," they thought. "Shall we allow people to play lawn tennis on some of our beautiful croquet lawns？"
In 1877, Wimbledon held the first world lawn tennis championships (men's singles). Wimbledon grew. There was some surprise and doubt, of course, when the Club allowed women to play in the first women's singles championship in 1884. But the ladies played well -- even in long skirts that hid their legs and feet. Until 1907 the winners, both men and women, were always British, but since 1936 the victory has usually gone to an American or an Australian. British people were very happy when an English girl, Ann Jones, won the championship in 1969.
Wimbledon is known all over the world as______.
A．a country village
B．the home of an unusual croquet club
C．the center of lawn tennis
D．a famous place of interest near London
People all over the world know Wimbledon as the centre of lawn tennis.
In 1874 it was a country village, but it was the home of the All England Croquet Club. The Club had been there since 1864. A lot of people played croquet in England at that time and enjoyed it, but the national championships did not attract many people. So the Club had very little money.
"This new game of lawn tennis seems to have plenty of action (精彩场面), and people like watching it," they thought. "Shall we allow people to play lawn tennis on some of our beautiful croquet lawns？"
In 1877, Wimbledon held the first world lawn tennis championships (men's singles).
Wimbledon grew. There was some surprise and doubt, of course, when the Club allowed women to play in the first women's singles championship in 1884. But the ladies played well—even in long skirts that hid their legs and feet. Until 1907 the winners, both men and women, were always British, but since 1936 the victory has usually gone to an American or an Australian. British people were very happy when an English girl, Ann Jones, won the championship in 1969.
Wimbledon is known all over the world as______.
A．a country village
B．the home of an unusual croquet club
C．the centre of lawn tennis
D．a famous place of interest near London
Trees
Trees are useful to man in three very important ways: they provide him with wood and other products; they give him shade; and they help(51)drought and floods.
Unfortunately, in many parts of the world, man has not(52)that the third of these services is the most important. In his eagerness (渴望) to draw quick profit from the trees, he has cut them down in large(53), only to find that with the trees used he has lost the best friends he had. Two thousand years ago a rich and powerful country cut down its(54)to build warships with which to gain itself an empire. It gained the empire but without its trees, its soil became hard and(55). When the empire fell to pieces, the home country found(56)faced with floods and starvation.
Even where a government realizes the.(57)of a rich supply of trees, it is difficult for it to persuade the villager to see this. The villager wants wood to(58)his food with; and he can earn money(59)making charcoal (木炭) or selling wood to the townsman. He is usually too lazy or(60)careless to plant and look after new trees. So, unless the government has a good(61)of control, or can educate the people, the forests will slowly disappear.
This does not only(62)that the villagers' sons and grandsons have fewer trees. The results are even more(63). For where there are trees, their roots break up the soil allowing the rain to sink in and also bind the soil, thus preventing the(64)from being washed away easily. But where there are no trees, the rain falls on hard ground and flows away on the surface, causing floods and carrying away with it the top-soil, in(65)crops grow so well. When all the top-soil is gone, nothing remains but worthless desert.
A．give
B．use
C．prevent
D．lead
B
People all over the world know Wimbledon as the center of lawn tennis.
In 1874 it was a country village, but it was the home of the All England Croquet Club. The Club had been there since 1864. A lot of people played croquet in England at that time and enjoyed it, but the national championships did not attract many people. So the Club had very little money.
"This new game of lawn tennis seems to have plenty of action (精彩场面), and people like watching it," they thought. "Shall we allow people to play lawn tennis on some of our beautiful croquet lawns？"
In 1877, Wimbledon held the first world lawn tennis championships (men's singles). Wimbledon grew. There was some surprise and doubt, of course, when the Club allowed women to play in the first women's singles championship in 1884. But the ladies played well -- even in long skirts that hid their legs and feet. Until 1907 the winners, both men and women, were always British, but since 1936 the victory has usually gone to an American or an Australian. British people were very happy when an English girl, Ann Jones, won the championship in 1969.
Wimbledon is known all over the world as______.
[A] a country village
[B] the home of an unusual croquet club
[C] the center of lawn tennis
[D] a famous place of interest near London
The findings are shown in the latest worldwide cost of living study conducted yearly by the Economist Intelligence Unit, a business research organization based in London. The information is meant to help big firms set payments for people working away from their home country. As in last year's study, two Japanese cities, Tokyo and Osaka, were found to be the most expensive places to live. The report also says that cities in the euro zone (欧元区) , have become more expensive relative to other places since the introduction of euro notes and coins. For example, Paris now has the tenth highest costs; it was in fourteenth place a few years ago. Berlin has gone from fiftieth to thirty-first place. Those findings will strengthen the opinion that businesses have exploited disorder over the new currency to push up their prices. But as in past years, the highest costs in Europe are outside the euro zone. London, for example, is the seventh most expensive city in the world to live in. New York, which has the highest prices in America, is in 11th place. The biggest fall in relative costs has taken place in Buenos Aires. That partly shows the fall of the Argentine currency, following the country's inability to pay the money it owes. The cheapest major cities were found to be Tehran in Iran and Harare, capital of Zimbabwe.
What is the text mainly about？
A．The economic development in Europe.
B．The results of a study.
C．Living costs outside the euro zone.
D．Changes in world currencies.
Dave Kovic, played by Kevin Kline, is a kind-hearted man who runs a business that finds people jobs. He leads a typical American way of life, except for one thing — he looks exactly like the President, Bill Mitchell. In fact, the only thing that makes him different from the nation's leader is that he is very nice!
The president has started using look-alikes during some public appearances. Dave is offered a chance to "serve his country" by becoming one. However, things go wrong. The President becomes very ill and Dave ends up acting as the President forever.
Director Ivan Reitman, who made the popular and successful comedies like Twins, Ghostbusters and Legal Eagles, could have gone for easy laughs by making fun of the American government. Instead, Dave is an attractive comedy about an ordinary man in extraordinary situations. Kevin Kline gives a double performance as Dave and the President, and Sigourney Weaver is at her best as his First Lady. The love story that develops between her role and Dave is a real classic.
The film is 100% American. However, if you've ever felt that anybody could do a better job running the country than the people in power, then you'll enjoy Dave!
(30)
A．To make a comparison between Dave and other films.
B．To discuss the Americans' ideas about the President.
C．To tell readers about the American government.
D．To introduce a new film to the reader.
What bothers noise experts is that plenty of commonplace machines are just as loud as, or even louder than, the Concorde. A sanitation truck can be noisier, and so can a heavy diesel truck pulling away from a stop sign. One expert who has gone out of his way to dramatize the prevalent offensiveness of the city sound-scale is Dr. Thomas H. Fay, director of speech and hearing at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center in New York. Dr. Fay took a sound-meter into a New York City subway and proved that an approaching train can be twice as loud as the Concorde.
Since World War Ⅱ, the number of the high-powered noise-makers, from trucks and motorcycles to air conditioners and sirens has increased almost geometrically. It' s no wonder that in many areas of the country, especially in the suburbs, the average sound level has doubled in 20 years. Noise experts estimate that city noises are increasing a half-decibel a year. They found that in 1971 the quietest parts of Los Angeles--thought to be a relatively quiet city--were louder than the loudest districts of New York in 1937.
This passage mainly talks about ______ .
A．the problem of the supersonic transport plane, the Concorde
B．a comparison between the Concorde and other machines
C．the problem of noise
D．noise in the suburbs
A.The economic development in Europe．
B.The results of a study．
C.Living costs outside the euro zone
D.Changes in world currencies．
Dave Kovic, played by Kevin Kline, is a kind-hearted man who runs a business that finds people jobs. He leads a typical(典型的)American way of life, except for one thing-he looks exactly like the President, Bill Mitchell. In fact, the only thing that makes him different from the nation's leader is that he is very nice!
The president has started using look-Mikes during some public appearances. Dave is offered a chance to" serve his country" by becoming one. However, things go wrong. The President becomes very ill and Dave ends up acting as the President forever.
Director Ivan Reitman, who made the popular and successful comedies like Twins, Ghostbusters and Legal Eagles, could have gone for easy laughs by making fun of the American government. Instead, Dave is an attractive comedy about an ordinary man in extraordinary situations. Kevin Kline gives a double performance as Dave and the President, and Sigourney Weaver is at her best as his First Lady. The love story that develops between her role and Dave is a real classic(经典).
The film is 100% American. However, if you've ever felt that anybody could do a better job running the country than the people in power, then you'll enjoy Dave!
What is the purpose of the text？
A．To tell the reader about the American government.
B．To discus the Americans' ideas about the President.
C．To make a comparison between Dave and other films.
D．To introduce a new film to the reader.
