51~65 Cost as a Factor in Supply In a purely competitive market,the supplier of goods a - 试题答案网问答

第1题

To the people of the Bijagos archipelago, the shark is sacred. In【51】ceremonies young men

from these islands【52】the coast of Guinea-Bissau must spear a shark and present the liver to their【53】. But can this ancient ceremony【54】the economic fact that a bowl of shark’s fin soup can cost $ 150 in the Far East？

In the archipelago, and all along West Africa's coast, sharks are being "finned" to【55】Fishermen can earn $ 50~80【56】a kilo of sharks'fins, far more than ordinary fish. By the time they【57】the Far East, they could be【58】$ 500 a kilo or more, valuable【59】aphrodisiacs as well as for gourmets. The high demand is【60】shark populations in West Africa and elsewhere.

(51)

A．beginning

B．start

C．initiation

D．initial

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第2题

根据材料请回答 51～65 题 Most people would be 51 by the high quality of medicine 52 to m

根据材料请回答 51～65 题

Most people would be 51 by the high quality of medicine 52 to most Americans.

There is a great deal of attention to the individual, a 53 amount of advanced technical e-quipment, and intense efforts not to make mistakes because of the financial risk which doc-tors and hospitals must face in the courts if they 54 things badly.

But the Americans are in a mess.The problem is the way in 55 health care is organ-ized and financed. 56 to public belief it is not just a free competition system.To the pri-vate system has been joined a large public system, because private care was simply not__57 the less fortunate and the elderly.

But even with this huge public part of the system, 58 this year will eat up 84.5 bil-lion dollars more than 10 per cent of the U.S, budget large numbers of Americans are left 59 .These include about half the 11 million unemployed and those who fail to meet the strict limits 60 income fixed by a government trying to make savings where it can.

The basic problem, however, is that there is no central control 61 the health sys-tem.There is no 62 to what doctors and hospitals charge for their services, other than what the public is able to pay. The number of doctors has shot up and prices have climbed.When faced with toothache, a sick child, or a heart attack, all the unfortunate person concerned can do is pay up.

Two-thirds of the population 63 covered by medical insurance.Doctors charge as much as they want, 64 that the insurance company will pay the bill.The rising cost of medicine in the U.S.

A is among the most worrying problems fa-cing the country.In 1981 the country's health bill climbed 15.9 per cent about twice as fast as prices 65 general.

第 51 题

A．compressed

B．impressed

C．obsessed

D．repressed

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第3题

根据材料请回答 51～65 题 The History of American Marriage The horse and carriage is a th

根据材料请回答 51～65 题

The History of American Marriage The horse and carriage is a thing of the past, but love and marriage are still with us and still closely interrelated. Most American marriages, particularly first marriages 51 young couples, are the result of 52 attraction and affection rather than practical consid-erations. In the United States, parents do not arrange marriages for their children.Teenagers begin 53 in high school and usually find mates through their own academic and social 54 .Though young people feel free to choose their friends from 55 groups, most choose a ma-te of similar background.This is 56 in part to parental guidance.Parents cannot select spouses for their children, but they can usually influence choices by 57 disapproval of someone they consider unsuitable. 58 , marriages between members of different groups (interclass, interfaith, and in-terracial marriages) are increasing, probably because of the greater 59 of today's youth and the fact that they are restricted by fewer prejudices than their parents.Many young people leave their home towns to attend college, 60 in the armed forces, or pursue a ca- reer in a bigger city.Once away from home and family, they are more 61 to date and marry outside their own social group. In mobile American society, interclass marriages are neither 62 nor shocking.Inter-faith marriages are 63 the rise particularly between Protestants and Catholics.On the other hand, interracial marriage is still very uncommon.It can be difficult for interracial couples to find a place to live, maintain friendships, and 64 a family.Marriages between people of different national 65 (but the same race and religion) have been commonplace here since colonial times.

第 51 题

A．involving

B．linking

C．connecting

D．correlating

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第4题

How to Face Death It is often observed that the aged spend much time thinking and talking

How to Face Death

It is often observed that the aged spend much time thinking and talking about their past lives, rather than about the future. These reminiscences (回忆) are not simply random or trivial memories, (51) is their purpose merely to make conversation. The old person's recollections of the past help to (52) an identity that is becoming increasingly fragile (脆弱的): (53) any role that brings respect or any goal that might provide orientation to the future, the individual mentions their past as a reminder to listeners, that here was a life (54) living. (55) , the memories form. part of a continuing life (56) , in which the old person (57) the events and experiences of the years gone by and reflects on the overall meaning of his or her own almost completed life.

As the life cycle (58) to its close, the aged must also learn to accept the reality of their own impending (即将发生的) death. (59) this task is made difficult by the fact that death is almost a (60) subject in the United States. The mere discussion of death is often regarded as (61) As adults many of us find the topic frightening and are reluctant to think about it and certainly not to talk about it (62) the presence of someone who is dying. Death has achieved this taboo (63) only in the modern industrial societies. There seems to be an important reason for our reluctance to (64) the idea of death. It is the very fact that death remains (65) our control; it is almost the only one of the natural processes that is so.

(51)

A．so

B．even

C．nor

D．hardly

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第5题

根据材料请回答 51～65 题 New Technique Promises Earlier Cancer DetectionA new technique

根据材料请回答 51～65 题

New Technique Promises Earlier Cancer Detection

A new technique could revolutionize the early detection of cancer, giving sufferers a greater chance of beating the disease, American scientists said.Researchers at the Massa-chusetts Institute of Technology have devised a novel method of 51 changes in the nucle-us of cells in the earliest states of the disease."More than 85 percent of all cancers origi-nate in the epithelium (上皮) that lines the internal surfaces of organs 52 the body.Al-though these are treatable 53 they are diagnosed in one of the preventable stages, early body damages are almost 54 to detect," said scientist Feld."We present a new optical-probe (光学探子) technique based on light-scattering spectroscopy (分光镜检查) that is a-ble 55 detect pre-cancerous and early cancerous cells in cell-rich epithelia," he added in a statement.

The new technique relies on the fact 56 cell nuclei change in the early stages of can-cer and the differences scatter light in a characteristic way.Until now the changes were only de-tectable 57 a biopsy (活检) was taken, the scientists said.The new technique, 58 in the Sd-ence journal Nature , can be used in conjunction with a routine cancer screening and surveil-lance technique which uses an endoscope (内窥镜)——a flexible optical probe 59 with cam-eras which is inserted into a cavity(空腔)in the body——to check 60 cancers.

The scientists said they 61 their new technique in four different organs during rou-tine endoscopic cancer screening.The tip of the optical probe was brought into contact with the tissue to be tested and the scattering of light was recorded without the need for any tissue to be 62 , the scientists said."Our results show that light-scattering spectros-copy has the potential to detect pre-cancerous body damages and pre-invasive cancers throughout the body.This technique should 63 improve the efficiency of cancer screening and surveillance," the scientists said.Cancer is one of the biggest 64 in industrialized countries. 65 to figures from the World Health Organization, 10 million people were di-agnosed with the disease worldwide in 1997 and six million died.

第 51 题

A．stopping

B．accelerating

C．delaying

D．detecting

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第6题

根据下列文章,请回答 51～65 题。 Preferences Vary on Circumstancesof Dying Amongtermina

根据下列文章,请回答 51～65 题。

Preferences Vary on Circumstancesof Dying

Amongterminally(晚期)ill people，attitudes differ on what they think constitutes a__________(1)orbad death，the results of a new study suggest．

Dr．ElizabethK．Vig of the University of Washington in Seattle and colleagues interviewed 26men with_________(2)heart disease or cancer．The men were asked to describe goodand bad deaths，and they also answered_______________(3)about their preferencesfor dying．

“In this small study．Terminally ill mendescribed good and bad deaths _________(4)。”Vig said．“They did not hold thesame views about such Issues ________ (5)the presence of others at the very endof life or preferred location of death．

Manyof the men considered________(6)in their sleep to be a good death．The reasonswere varied and included not_________(7)that death was imminent(即将发生的)，and thatdeath would be painless．For close to half of the men，a prolonged(拖延的)death was___________(8)abad death．Some of the men associated a prolonged death with prolonged pain，_______(9)others thought a prolonged death would be difficult for their families．

Mostmen said that their_________(10)were very important to them，but this did not mean that they wanted relatives close atthe_________(11)of death．"Valuii‘19 family did not als0___________(12)wantingfamily present at the very end of life。”Vig said．

“In fact，some expressed concerns_________(13)burdening loved ones，”Vig said．For instance．some men were worriedabout the emotional or_________(14)impact on their family members，according tothe Washington researcher．Some were worried _______(15)their need for carewould be a burden on their families，she said．

第 51 题

A．wrong

B．pure

C．good

D．whole

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第7题

根据下列材料请回答 51～65 题：The Greatest Mystery of WhalesThe whale is a mammal（哺乳动物)

根据下列材料请回答 51～65 题：

The Greatest Mystery of Whales

The whale is a mammal(哺乳动物)一warm—blooded，air-breathing，giving birth to its young alive，sucking them—and，like all mammals，originated on land，There are many signs of this．________(51)front flippers(鳍肢)，used for steering and stability，are traces of feet。

Immense strength is built into the great body of the big whales，and in fact most of a whale’s body is one gigantic muscle。The blue whale’s pulling________ (52)has been estimated at 400 horsepower．One specimen was reported to have________ (53) a whaling vessel for seven hours at the________ (54)of eight knots．

An enraged whale will attack a ship．A famous________ (55)of this was the fate of whaler Essex，which was sunk________(56)the coast of South America early in the last century．More recently ,steel ships have had their plates buckled(扭曲变形)in the same way．Sperm whales were known to________ (57)the old—time whaleboats in their jaw sand crush them．

The greatest mystery of whales is their diving ability．The sperm whale can________ (58)the bottom for his favorite food，the octopus(章鱼)．________ (59)that search he is known to go as far down as 3，200 feet，where the pressure is 1，400 pounds，to the square inch．Doing________ (60)he will remain submerged(水下的)as long as one hour．Two feats(绝技)are involved in this：storing up enough________ (61)(all whales are air-breathed)and withstanding the great change in pressure．Just________(62)he does it scientists have not determined．It is believed that some of the oxygen is stored in a special system of blood vessels，rather than just held in the lungs。And________ (63)is believed that a special kind of oil in his head is some sort of compensating mechanism that automatically adjusts the internal pressure of his body．But________ (64)you can’t bring a live whale into the laboratory for study，no one________(65)just how these things work.

第 51 题

A．Their

B．It's

C．Theirs

D．Its

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第8题

根据下列文章,请回答 51～65 题。 China to Help Europe Develop GPS Rival China is to con

根据下列文章,请回答 51～65 题。

China to Help Europe Develop GPS Rival

China is to contribute to a new global satellite navigation system being developed by European nations. The Galileo satellite system will ________ (51) a more accurate civilian alternative to the Global Positioning System (GPS), operated by the US millitary. China will provide 230m Eures in funding and will ________ (52) with technical, manufacturing and market development.

A new center that will coordinate co-operation will be set ________ (53) at Beijing University. China has a substantial satellite launch industry and could potentially help ________ (54) the Galileo satellites.

The US has claimed that Galileo could interfere with the, US with ________ (55) to downgrade the GPS service dudng military conflicts. European officials say this is unfounded (无根据的) and counter that US opposition is caused by the commercial challenge Galileo would present to GPS. Galileo will be________ (56) to within a meter, while the civilian GPS service is accurate to around 10 meters.

The Galileo satellite constellation (卫星集群) will consist of 27 operational and three reserve satellites ________ (57) the Earth at an altitude of 23,600 kin. The satellites will be strung along three medium-Earth orbits at 56 degrees inclination (倾斜) ________ (58) the equator (赤道) and will provide global coverage. The system should be ________ (59) by 2008 and the entire project is expected to cost around 3.2 billion Euros.

The European Commission has said Galileo will ________ (50) be used for transportation technology, scientific research, land management and disaster monitoring.

Galileo will provide two________ (61); a standard civilian one and an encrypted(把……编码), wide-band signal called the Public Regulated Service (PRS). This second signal is _________ (62) to endure localized jamming and will be used by police and military services in Europe.

The first Galileo satellite is_________ (63) to launch late in 2004. Clocks on board the satellites will be synchronized (同步) through 20 ground sensors (传感器) stations, two command centers and 15 uplink (上传) stations.

Receivers on the ground will use time signals from the satellites to precisely calculate their _________ (64). A "search and rescue" function will also let distress signals be _________(65) through the constellation of satellites.

第 51 题

A．set

B．represent

C．offer

D．indicate

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第9题

Cost as a Factor in Supply In a purely competitive market, the supplier of goods and

Cost as a Factor in Supply

In a purely competitive market, the supplier of goods and services has no control over the market price, because he produces too little to influence market conditions. With no difference between his products and the products_____（51） his competitors, he will sell nothing if he charges above the market price and he will sell all if he charges at or_____（52） the market price. However, in considering the price, he must take the_____（53） of production into consideration. There are times when he may be willing to sell below his cost. This might happen when prices tumble for_____（54） he believes will be a short time. However, no business person can_____（55） to lose money for a prolonged period. He must be constantly_____（56） of his costs in relation to the market price if he is to compete successfully and earn a profit.

Many people have the impression that as production increases, costs per unit decrease._____（57） mass production has made this true in certain industries and at certain levels of production_____（58） logic and practical experiences have shown that costs per unit begin to rise beyond a certain level of production. Some economists_____（59） to this principle as the law of increasing costs.

The reason costs rise as production goes up is_____（60）. However, it is easy to recognize that as production goes up, the need for additional factors of production will also grow,_____（61） competitive bidding in the marketplace for the factors of production. If a producer needs_____（62） skilled labor to produce more, and none of this labor is unemployed, the producer will have to get_____（63） from other sources. This can be done by_____（64） higher wages. Higher bidding would also apply to the other factors of production. We must also recognize that not all labor is equally productive,_____（65） not all land is equally fertile and not all ore （矿石） is equally rich in the mineral wanted.

第 51 题

A．to

B．at

C．of

D．on

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第10题

根据下列文章,请回答 51～65 题。 The Greatest Mystery Of Whales The whale is a warm-blo

根据下列文章,请回答 51～65 题。

The Greatest Mystery Of Whales

The whale is a warm-blooded, air-breathing animal, giving birth to its young alive., sucking them and, like all mammals, originated on land. There are many __________(1) of this. Its front flippers (鳍状肢), used for steering and stability, are traces of feet.

Immense strength is__________2) into the great body of the big whales, and in fact most of a whale's body is one gigantic muscle. The blue whale's pulling strength has been estimated __________ (3) 400 horsepower. One specimen was reported to have towed (拖) a whaling vessel for seven hours at the__________ (4) of eight knots (节).

An angry whale will __________ (5) a ship.

A famous example of this was the fate of whaler Essex (6) was sunk off the coast of South America early in the last century. More recently, steel ships have__________ (7) their plates buckled (使弯曲) in the same way. Sperm whales (抹香鲸) were known to seize the old-time whaleboats in their jaws and crush them.

The greatest __________ (8) of whales is their diving ability. The sperm whale dives to the bottom for his __________ (9) food, the octopus (章鱼). In that search he is known to go as far down as 3,200 feet, where the __________ (10) is 1,400 pounds, to a square inch. 13oing so he will __________ (11) underwater long as one hour. Two special skills are involved in this: storing up enough __________ (12) (all whales are air-breathed) and tolerating the great change in pressure. Just how he does it scientists have not__________ (13). It is. believed that some of the oxygen is stored in a special __________ (14) of blood vessels, rather than just held in the lungs. And it is believed that a special kind of oil in his head is some sort of compensating mechanism that __________ (15) adjusts the internal pressure of his body. But since you can't bring a live whale into the laboratory for study, no one knows just how these things work.

第 51 题

A．aspects

B．signs

C．ways

D．reasons

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51～65 Cost as a Factor in Supply In a purely competitive market,the supplier of goods a