题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
The major aim of the authors research was set to______.
A．study the problems of liberal arts education in universities
B．refute Plato"s theory concerning liberal arts education
C．find out the best college in developing students" talents
D．prove the effectiveness of liberal arts education on students" development
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更多“The major aim of the authors r…”相关的问题
The government managed to host the 2008 Olympics. The general aim is for Beijing to have the same environmental standards as Paris, London or Washington by 2008.
Hundreds of millions of dollars will be spent piping natural gas to the city's homes and taking away dirty coal burning gradually while 60, 000 buses will be changed to liquefied gas.
The money will also be used for relocating the polluting factories and building green belts. By 2008 around 90 percent of Beijing's waste will be treated, compared to only 40 percent at present.
Olympic officials have already announced that around 50 large projects are being dealt with to improve traffic congestion and cut down pollution, They include the construction of Beijing's first light railway, a 40.5-kilometer line which is expected to be completed in 2005.
Beijing, besides, plans to build an 82.25-kilometer-long subway to add to the existing 53 kilometers. Nine major roads will be rebuilt or widened.
Beijing also plans to build a 70-meter-wide green belt among the waterways to protect the water quality as well as to increase the green areas.
The government will spend money piping natural gas to the city's homes in order to ______.
A．reduce the pollution of our capital
B．bring down the cost of daffy life
C．solve the problem of being short of fuel
D．keep up with the development of modem society
根据以下材料，回答题
A New Citizenship Test
（1） Last week， a sample of the new US citizenship （公民身份） exam was released by the US Citizenship and Immigration Services （US-CIS）. It will be tried out in 10 cities early next year to replace the current test in 2008. Instead of asking how many stripes the US flag has， as the current test does， the new one asks why there are 13 stripes. Instead of having to name the branches of government， an applicant is asked to explain why there are three.
（2） "The goal is to make it more meaningful." explains Emilio Gonzalez， director of the US-CIS.Immigrants who pass it are expected to have a better "understanding and respect" for US civic（公民的） values， Gonzalez says.
（3） The US isn"t the only country dealing with citizenship tests that aim to get a "shared commitment" from immigrants for their adopted country"s "values". In recent years， in addition to the usual requirement of language/work skills and economic status， several European countries have adopted citizenship tests. Britain introduced a new citizenship test last November. In March， a new Dutch law took effect requiring all would-be immigrants to take a citizenship test. It involved watching a video showing nude （裸体的 ） women bathing at beaches and gay （同性恋的 ） men kissing in public. The aim was to ensure that "newcomers will be comfortable with the country"s liberal social mores （风俗） ".
（4） Europe has been known for welcoming immigrants for decades. But， today， the fact is that some immigrants are kept apart from local citizens by culture and they become hostile to each other. Promoting integration has become a major concern for European countries， after the rioting in Muslim ghettoes （穆斯林聚居区） in France and the killing of Dutch public figures by religious extremists.
（5） Officials believe that a person"s attachment to， a country can be tested by his or her knowledge of the country. However， some critics say that the changes can do little to help people assimilate （同化） themselves. "Immigration is a culture war today. Is giving a new test the right way to lessen the accusations in that fight？" says Ali Noorani， of the Massachusetts Immigrant and Refugee Advocacy Coalition （难民辩护联盟） .
Paragraph 2 __________ 查看材料
A.Preparation for taking a citizenship test
B.Citizenship tests in European countries
C.Importance of promoting integration
D.Necessity to know the branches of government
E.Different views on the new citizenship test
F.Goal of the new citizenship test
A New Citizenship Test
1 Last week, a sample of the new US citizenship（公民身份）exam was released by the US Citizenship and Immigration Services（US-CIS）. It will be tried out in 10 cities early next year to replace the current test in 2008. Instead of asking how many stripes the US flag has, as the current test does, the new one asks why there are l3 stripes. Instead of having to name the branches of government, an applicant is asked to explain why there are three.
2 The goal is to make it more meaningful.” explains Emilio Gonzalez, director of the US—CIS. Immigrants who pass it are expected to have a better “understanding and respect” for US civic（公民的）values, Gonzalez says.
3 The US isn't the only country dealing with citizenship tests that aim to get a “shared commitment” from immigrants for their adopted country's “values”. In recent years, in addition to the usual requirement of language／work skills and economic status, several European countries have adopted citizenship tests. Britain introduced a new citizenship test last November. In March, a new Dutch law took effect requiring all would-be immigrants to take a citizenship test. it involved watching a video showing nude（裸体的） women bathing at beaches and gay（同性恋的）men kissing in public. The aim was to ensure that “newcomers will be comfortable with the country's liberal social mores（风俗）”.
4 Europe has been known for welcoming immigrants for decades. But, today, the fact is that some immigrants are kept apart from local citizens by culture and they become hostile to each other. Promoting integration has become a major concern for European countries, after the rioting in Muslim ghettoes（少数民族聚居区）in France and the killing of Dutch public figures by religious extremists.
5 Officials believe that a person's attachment to, a country can be tested by his or her knowledge of the country. However, some critics say that the changes can do little to help people assimilate（同化）themselves. ”Immigration is a culture war today. Is giving a new test the right way to lessen the accusations in that fight？” says Ali Noorani, of the Massachusetts Immigrant and Refugee Advocacy Coalition（难民辩护联盟）.
A Preparation for taking a citizenship test
B Citizenship tests in European countries
C Importance of promoting integration
D Necessity to know the branches of government
E Different views on the new citizenship test
F Goal of the new citizenship test
23 Paragraph 2 .
根据下列材料请回答 23～30 题
A New Citizenship Test
1 Last week a sample of the new US citizenship(公民身份)exam was released by the US Citizenship and Immigration Services(US—CLS ).It will be tried out in 1 0 cities early next year to replace the current test in 2008.Instead of asking how many stripes the USflag has，as the current test does，the new one asks why there are 13 stripes。Instead ofhaving to name the branches of government，an applicant is asked to explain why thereare three.
2 “The goal is to make it more meaningful.”explains Emilio Gonzalez，director of theUS—CIS。Immigrants who pass it are expected to have a better“understanding and respect”for US civic(公民的)values，Gonzalez says.
3 The US isn’t the only country dealing with citizenship tests that aim to get a“ sharedcommitment”from immigrants for their adopted country’s“values”，In recent years，Inaddition to the usual requirement of language/work skills and economic status-severalEuropean countries have adopted citizenship tests.Britain introduced a new citizenshiptest last November.In March，a new Dutch law took effect requiring all would—beimmigrants to take a citizenship test.It involved watching a video showing nude(裸体的)women bathing at beaches and gay(同性恋的)men kissing in public.The aim was toensure that“newcomers will be comfortable with the country’S liberal social mores(风俗)”.
4 Europe has been known for welcoming immigrants for decades.But，today，the fact is that some immigrants are kept apart from local citizens by culture and they becomehostile to each other.Promoting integration has become a major concern for Europeancountries.after the rioting in Muslim ghettoes(少数民族聚居区)in France and the killingof Dutch public figures by religious extremists.
5 Officials believe that a person’s attachment to a country can be tested by his or herknowledge of the country.However，some critics say that the changes can do little to helppeople’assimilate(同化)themselves.“Immigration is a culture war today-Is giving a newtest the right way to lessen the accusations in that fight？”says Ali Noorani ，of theMassachusetts Immigrant and Refugee Advocacy Coalition(难民辩护联盟)
第 23 题 paragraph 2___________
？Read the article below about small high-tech firms.
？For each question 31—40, write one word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet.
SMALL HIGH-TECH FIRMS
The problems of small high-tech firms have attracted a lot of attention recently. Research shows that many of these firms are built BY talented, creative scientists. Their owners have no trouble coming (31) with innovative products but they often can't build on their early success.
One reason (32) this is that they don't have much management expertise. Therefore, they are unable (33) develop the strategies which are necessary for their company's growth. They are (34) a rush to develop products, and don’t think enough (35) how to market them. When they do try to sell their products, they spend too much time trying to gain the trust of potential customers. Another mistake they make is to underprice their products so that they have no finance (36) future development.
Once the firms begin to grow, their owners underestimate the future costs of developing and marketing new products. Lack (37) financial planning is a major weakness of such companies. It is difficult for the high-tech firm to attract the right personnel because it cannot offer the same job security (38) a large organization. The high tech firm can get round some of these problems by developing a specialist image. It can aim (39) a particular segment of the market. Customers then start seeking (40) the firm, se its marketing costs are reduced. The only drawback is that it may take some time before customers accept the firm's new technology.
Enthusiasm, bright ideas, venture capital and technology are not enough to ensure success. Basic management skills—especially financial and marketing ones—are also vital.
(31)
What We Do
我们做的事情
The Humour Foundation is a national charity established in 1997 to promote the health benefits of humour. Clown Doctors are the core project, and children are the focus. Clown Doctor programs are established in all major children's hospitals around Australia and some general hospitals and hospices. Clowns have also visited east Timor and Afghanistan. LaughterWorks provides speakers and workshop presenters on humour and health to the health and welfare sector. International research has demonstrated the health benefits of humour.
Clown Doctors attend to the psycho-social needs of the hospitalised chilD．They parody the hospital routine to help children adapt to hospital. Clown Doctors distract children during painful or frightening procedures. They dispense doses of fun and laughter and help children forget for a moment that they are ill. Everyone benefits—patients, families and staff. Clown Doctors are highly skilled professionals that work in partnership with health professionals.
The Humour Foundation's core project is , touching the lives of over 85,000 people every year. The focus is children's hospitals, and Clown Doctors are now part of hospital life in all major children's hospitals around AustraliA．
"I am writing to thank you with all my heart for the fun, cheer and brightness you brought to me when I was in hospital for open heart surgery...I am thirty-seven years of age but felt just as excited as the kids no doubt are to see you.It was a terrific morale booster!"
Children are our focus, but adult patients benefit too. Humour is built around each person's interests and responses and participation is encourageD．Adults have just as much fun as the kids! Clown Doctors also play a role in palliative care. The aim is to provide ways of dealing with death, and paradoxically people frequently share their feelings. Clown Doctors take risks in balancing lightness with the profounD．Caring clowning can speak the language of the heart and bring a sense of profound connection and consolation.
Doses of humour can help relieve stress, improve health and well-being. Laughter that is based on caring and empathy also creates bonds between people, is nourishing, helps develop resilience and helps people cope with difficult situations. By developing strategies to bring more laughter into your life, you can improve your focus and effectiveness, enhance your communication and creative problem solving and strengthen your relationships and overall health.
Put more laughter in your life, for Aristotle once said, "Laughter is a bodily exercise precious to health. "
Smile often
Laugh every day
Laugh at yourself and at life
Lighten up-be playful and have fun
Tickle your funny bone and seek out opportunities to laugh
You don't have to be funny, just have fun
Develop a humorous perspective and look for the funny side
Use humour as a tool, not a weapon
The Humour Foundation is a charity dedicated to promoting the health benefits of humour. International research has found psychological and physiological advantages from doses of humour. Humour is an effective coping strategy. It can relieve fear and stress and aid recovery.
As a national charity, the Humour Foundation's major responsibility is______.
A．to recruit clowns
B．to cure clowns of disease
C．to employ clowns as baby sitters
D．to take advantage of humour in treating patients
Organizing of Your Speech
If you thumb through any mailorder catalogue today, you will discover that many of the items for sale are organizers—closet organizers, kitchen organizers and office organizers. Read enough catalogues, and you must conclude that is something exists, it can be organized. Why all these quest for organization？ Obviously, there's little point in having multiple possessions if you can't find them when you need them. Much the same is true of your speeches. If they are well organized, they will serve you better. Organization allows you and your listeners—to see what ideas you have and to put mental "hands" on the most important ones.
Organization is important
Several years ago a college professor took a wellorganized speech and scrambled it by randomly changing the order of its sentences. He then had a speaker deliver the original version to one group of listeners and the scrambled version to another group. After the speeches, he gave a test to see how well each group understood what they had heard. Not surprisingly, the group that heard the original, unscrambled speech stored much higher than the other group.
A few years later, two professors repeated the same experiment at another school. But instead of testing how well the listeners comprehended each speech, they tested to see what effects the speeches had on the listeners' attitudes toward the speakers. They found that people who heard tile wellorganized speech believed the speaker to be much more competent and trustworthy than did those who heard the scrambled speech.
These are just two of many studies that show the importance of organization in speechmaking. You realize how difficult it is to pay attention to the speaker, much less to understand the message. In fact, when students explain what they hope to learn from their speech class, they almost always put "the ability to organize my ideas more effectively" near the top of the list. This ability is especially vital for speechmaking. Listeners have little patience with speakers who bounce wildly from idea to idea. Keep in mind that listeners cannot flip back to a previous page if they have trouble grasping a speaker's ideas. In this respect a speech is much like a movie. A speaker must be sure listeners can follow the progression of ideas from beginning to end. This requires that speeches be organized strategically.
The first step in developing a strong sense of speech organization is to gain command of the three basic parts of a speech—introduction, body, and conclusion—and the strategic role of each. The body is the longest and most important part. Aim, you will usually prepare the body first. It is much easier to cream an effective introduction after you know exactly what you will say in the body. The process of organizing the body of a speech begins when you deter mine the main points.
Main points
The main points are the central features of your speech. You should select them carefully, phrase them precisely, and arrange them strategically. Here are the main points of a student speech about the medical uses of hypnosis:
Specific purpose:
To inform. my audience about the major uses of hypnosis.
Central Idea:
The major uses of hypnosis today are to control pain in medical surgery, to help people stop smoking, and to help students improve their academic performance.
Main points:
Hypnosis is used in surgery as an adjunct to chemical anesthesia.
Hypnosis is used to help people stop smoking.
Hypnosis is used to help students improve their academic performance.
These three main points form. the skeleton of the body of the speech. If there are three major uses of hypnosis for medical purposes, then logically there can be three main points in the speech.<
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
根据下列文章,请回答 21～25 题。
Text 1
The Internet raises major issues and challenges for education, not just in China but all over the world. Yet it simply cannot be ignored in terms of the opportunities and resources that it can offer.
We can divide the main issues facing education systems into three groups -- access, quality and responsibility. Let us consider the Internet in relation to each of them.
First, access. Through the Internet, practically the whole world can be brought into your classroom. Using e-mail makes it possible to have a class whose members are spread all over the world and who may never meet either the teacher or each other face to face. It can put students in different countries in easy contact.
The information resources available are almost limitless. With the Internet, students and teachers can access the wisdom, experience, skills, and even guidance of others in a way that was only possible for a very privileged few.
Next, quality. The Internet does pose serious problems of quality for education systems. Obviously, there is a lot of material on the Internet that no one would want children or students to have uncontrolled access to, but there are other problems which are very difficult to solve.
The first is how to handle the sheer quantity of information available, and how to make it manageable.
Because anyone can put information on the Internet, and there are no limits on quantity, it can be almost impossible to find exactly the information that one wants. Teachers and students cannot afford to waste time on unsuccessful searching.
How can we identify the information which will be most useful without overloading ourselves and our Students with unnecessary information？ How do we select the best information from all that is available？
This raises the issue of responsibility. There are few editors or quality controllers on the Internet. The ultimate responsibility for selection and judgment falls to the user, whether teacher or student. Teachers, and still less students, are not experts in every field;what we select may not be what we really want, perhaps is old, even wrong.
Any profession must take some collective responsibility in resolving these problems. Conscious and deliberate efforts have to be made to share information between teachers about useful sites and about the best way to use them.
Those who have found something useful or of high quality should not keep the information to themselves ,but share it as widely as possible.
There are many professional discussion groups active on the Internet which aim to do this. Access to them by teachers should be actively encouraged. This will require investment by institutions in giving easy access to the Internet and email to all teachers. Without this investment, educators --and ultimately students -- will be deprived of a vital resource for the development of education in the future.
第 21 题 With which of the following statements would the author be least likely to agree？
A．The Internet provides us with perfect educational information.
B．The Internet provides us with limitless resources.
C．We can obtain the latest information from foreign countries through the Internet.
D．The information on the Internet is no longer available only for a few people.
The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease. Since then, more tests have been added, including measures of loneliness and depression.
The new findings involved more than 5,000 people in the second generation of the Framingham Heart Study. The researchers examined friendship histories and reports of loneliness. The results established a pattern that spread as people reported fewer close friends.
For example, loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors. The loneliness spreads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time together. The study also found that loneliness spreads more easily among women than men.
Researchers from the University of Chicago, Harvard and the University of California, San Diego, did the study. The findings appeared last month in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.
The average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness about 48 days a year. The study found that having a lonely friend can add about 17 days. But every additional friend can decrease loneliness by about 5%, or two and a half days.
Lonely people become less and less trusting of others. This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends—and more likely that society will reject them.
John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago led the study. He says it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness. He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks.
The aim should be to aggressively create what he calls a "protective barrier" against loneliness. This barrier, he says, can keep the whole network from coming apart.
Besides loneliness, which of the following can also spread among people？
A．Friendship.
B．Happiness.
C．Depression.
D．Smoking.
Chronic Diseases: The World's Leading Killer
Chronic diseases are the leading cause of death in the world. Yet health experts say these conditions are often the most preventable. Chronic diseases include heart disease, stroke, cancer, diabetes(糖尿病) and lung disorders.
The World Health Organization says chronic diseases lead to about seventeen million early deaths each year. This United Nations agency expects more than three hundred eighty million people to die of chronic diseases by two thousand fifteen. It says about eighty percent of the deaths will happen in developing nations.
The WHO says chronic diseases now cause two-thirds of all deaths in the Asia-Pacific area. In ten years it could be almost three-fourths. People are getting sick in their most economically' productive years. In fact, experts say chronic diseases are killing more middle-aged people in poorer countries than in wealthier ones.
The WHO estimates that chronic diseases will cost China alone more than five hundred thousand million dollars in the next ten years. That estimate represents the costs of medical treatment and lost productivity. Russia and India are also expected to face huge economic losses.
Kim Hak-Su is the head of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. Last week in Bangkok he presented a WHO report on the problem. It says deaths from chronic diseases have increased largely as the result of economic gains in many countries.
The report details the latest findings from nine countries. They include Brazil, Britain, Canada, China, India and Nigeria. The others are Pakistan, Russia and Tanzania.
Mister Kim says infectious and parasitic (寄生的) diseases have until recently been the main killers in Asia and the Pacific. But he says they are no longer the major cause of death in most countries.
Health officials say as many as eighty percent of deaths from chronic diseases could be prevented. They say an important tool for governments is to restrict the marketing of alcohol and tobacco to young people. Also, more programs are needed to urge healthy eating and more physical activity.
UN officials aim through international action to reduce chronic-disease deaths by two percent each year through two thousand fifteen. They say meeting that target could save thirty-six million lives. That includes twenty-five million in Asia and the Pacific.
How many people in developing countries will probably die of chronic diseases by 2015？
A．More than 17 million.
B．More than 380 million.
C．More than 304 million.
D．More than 25 million.
