题目内容
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When a hormonal release is triggered, it will reduce the production of pain.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
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更多“When a hormonal release is tri…”相关的问题
When a hormonal release is triggered, it will reduce the production of pain.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
Nightingale played a great rele in
A．the building of war hospitals．
B．the education of women．
C．the development of nursing．
D．the improvement of working conditions for women．
Hormonal or bodily cause is the chief reason for people suffer from depression.
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
A．in adulthood
B．in childhood
C．from school experiences
D．from inborn hormonal conditions
"Motherhood may make women smarter and may help prevent dementia(痴呆) in old age by bathing the brain in protective hormones," US researchers reported on Thursday.
Tests on rats show that those who raise two or more litters of pups do considerably better in tests of memory and skills than rats who have no babies, and their brains show changes that suggest they may be protected against diseases such as Alzheimer's dementia (早老痴呆症). University of Richmond psychology professor Craig Kinsley believes his findings will translate into humans.
"Our research shows that the hormones of pregnancy (怀孕) are protecting the brain, including estrogen (雌激素), which we know has many neuroprotective (保护神经的) effects," Kinsley said.
"It's rat data but humans are mammals just like these animals are mammals," he added in a telephone interview. "They go through pregnancy and hormonal changes."
Kinsley said he hoped public health officials and researchers would look to see if having had children protected a woman from Alzheimer's dementia and other forms of age-related brain decline.
"When people think about pregnancy, they think about what happens to the baby and the mother from the neck down," said Kinsley, who presented his findings to the annual meeting of the Society of Neuroscience in Orlando, Florida.
"They do not realize that hormones are washing on the brain. If you look at female animals who have never gone through pregnancy, they act differently to the young. But if she goes through pregnancy, she will sacrifice her life for her infant--that is a great change in her behavior. that shows the genetic alterations(改变) to the brain. "
How do scientists know "Motherhood may make women smarter"？
A．Some researchers have told them.
B．Many women say so.
C．They know it by experimenting on rats.
D．They know it through their own experience.
A. Deficiency of hormone action on target tissues.
B. Improvement of hormone release may result in glandular hypofunction.
C. Functional endocrine tumors secrete a hormonal product.
D. Inadequate hormone production may occur as a result of primary gland failure.
E. Resistance can be congenital or acquired F. Endocrine gland failure may also be acquired as a consequence of physiologic atrophy.
(46)
After-birth Depression Blamed for Woman's Suicide
A new mother apparently suffering from postpartum mental illness fell to her death from a narrow 12th-floor ledge of a Chicago hotel, eluding the lunging grasp of firemen called to help.
The Chicago Tribune reported Tuesday that the mother of a 3-month-old daughter, Melanie Stokes, 41, was said to be suffering from3 a severe form. of after-birth depression called postpartum psychosis, an extremely rare biological response to rapidly changing hormonal levels that can result in4 hallucinations, delusions, severe insomnia and a drastic departure from reality.
"That was a monster in my daughter's brain," said Stokes' mother, Carol Blocker. "The medicine took no effect at all, while her grief was so strong that nothing could make up for it. I'm just glad she didn't take her daughter with her."
Virtually all new mothers get postpartum blues, also called the "baby blues", which are brief episodes of irritability, moodiness and weepiness. About 20 per cent of birthing women experience postpartum depression, which can be triggered by hormonal changes, sleeplessness and the' pressures of being a new mother. It is often temporary and highly treatable.
But The Tribune said what scientists suspect Stokes was battling, postpartum psychosis, is even more extreme and is considered a psychiatric emergency. During postpartum psychosis -- a very real disorder that affects less than 1 percent of women, according to the National Institute of Mental Health-- a mother .might hear voices, have visions, feel extremely agitated and be at risk of harming the child or herself.
Often the consequences are tragic. In 1987, Sheryl Masip of California told a judge that postpartum psychosis made her drive a Volvo over her 6-week-old son. Latrena Pixley of Washington, D. C. o, said the disorder was why she smothered her 6-week-old daughter in 1992. And last year, Judy Kirby, a 31-year-old Indianapolis mother allegedly suffering from postpartum psychosis, sped into oncoming traffic and plowed into a minivan, killing seven youngsters, including three of her own.
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of postpartum psychosis？
A．Visions.
B．Delusions.
C．Inflamed breast.
D．Serious sleeplessness.
Don't Let Depression Ruin a Good Thing
Feeling down？ Got the blues？ You're not alone. Everyone gets. sad (yes, everyone you've ever met). Some people have sad feelings just once in a while, and others may have sad feelings pretty often. More than half of teenagers go through a sad period at least once a month and plenty of younger kids do, too.
When you're in a sad mood, it may feel like it will last forever, but usually feelings of sadness don't last very long a few hours, or maybe a day or two. A deeper, more intense kind of sadness that lasts a lot longer is called depression. Each year millions of people are estimated to suffer from depression, a condition so widespread that it has been dubbed "the common cold of mental illness. "
Symptoms of Depression
Depression is associated with many symptoms and not everyone has the same ones. Some people have many symptoms, while others may only have a few. The symptoms below may signal that you or someone you love may be depressed:
Appearance—sad face, slow movements, absent-minded look
Unhappy feelings—feeling sad, hopeless, discouraged, or listless
Negative thoughts—"I'm a failure," "I'm no good," "No one cares about me. "
Reduced activity—"I just sit around and mope," "Doing anything is just too much of an effort."
Reduced concentration.
People problems—"I don't want anybody to see me," "I feel so lonely."
Guilt and low self-esteem—"It's all my fault," "I should be punished."
Physical problems—Sleeping problems, weight loss or gain, decreased sexual interest, or headaches.
Suicidal thoughts or wishes—"I'd be better off dead," "I wonder if it hurts to die."
Causes of Depression
The exact cause of depression remains unclear. The most probable explanation is that it is an imbalance in neurotransmitters (神经传递素) in the brain. But what triggers it in the first place？
First, genetic factors. There is growing interest in genetic approaches t6 understanding a variety of diseases and depression is no exception. Some people certainly seem to be more vulnerable to depression than others and there is growing evidence that some genes could make individuals susceptible to the disease. Some studies have shown that people who have relatives with depression have a one in four chance of developing it themselves, compared with only one in fourteen for the general population.
Secondly, external triggers. In most cases just having these genes is probably not enough to cause depression on its own. Depression can be triggered by a number of factors such as unemployment, bereavement (丧亡), social isolation or even a severe physical illness.
Victims of Depression
Anyone may suffer from depression, regardless of age, gender, race and belief. It is "normal" for certain people to feel depressed-such as women, older people, employees with work-related stress, or people with chronic illness.
Women are more than twice as' likely as men to experience depression. Although the reasons for this difference are not known, research suggests that biological differences in women such as hormonal(荷尔蒙) changes and genetics-may contribute to depression. Additionally, social reasons, such as greater stresses from work and family responsibilities, and even the increased rates of sexual abuse and poverty among women, may lead to higher rates of clinical depression.
Depression affects employees at all levels of the corporate ladder. One in every 20 employees experiences the illness. An estimated 200 million workdays are lost each year due to employee depression. Depression tends to affect people in their prime working years and if left untreated may last a lifetime.
Clinical Depression and
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
Pain is something that everyone experiences at some time, to a greater of lesser degree(在或大或小的程度)
Chronic or long-term pain, however, is in a category(种类，范畴)of its own. This is the kind of pain that dominates and pervades(蔓延，渗透)the life of the sufferer. Relent- less(持续的), grinding, exhausting pain, from which there is no escape(无法逃避的).
Most individuals who experience this kind of pain are paraplegics(截瘫患者)and tetrap1egics(四肢麻痹患者). These people, despite their disabilities, would often be capable of leading fulfilled and happy lives were it not for the fact(要不是/如果没有这一事实) that they suffer this terrible and debilitating(使衰弱)pain on an almost continuous basis.
To date(到目前为止), treatment has been mainly in the form. of heavy drug therapy, which produces unpleasant side effects.
But there has been a breakthrough in pain control. A new device, SPES(Sub Perception Electro Stimulation) (不知觉电刺激), should radically (根本地) improve quality of life for many chronic pain sufferers.
Professor I for Cape l, scientist and inventor, has conducted clinical trials of SPES on chronic pain sufferers with extremely encouraging results.
SPES works by transmitting electrical signals controlled by microprocessors(微型信息处理机 ), in particular patterns across the brain, using tiny electrodes(电板) attached to the patient's earlobes.
These signals stimulate chemical messages from the hypothalamus(下丘脑), the area of the brain which controls our bodily functions.
As a result, a hormonal release is triggered, which alters the perception of pain. "The pain is still there", says Professor Cape l "but SPES helps you live with(接受某种局面)it. We are using .the body's natural ability to cope with pain."
The treatment is painless and convenient, lasting for about an hour a day. The equipment is portable, so the person using it can move around comfortably.
Other benefits are that it is non-addictive(不成瘾的) and the patient does not build up a tolerance(忍受)to SPES. It can be used at home without medical supervision.
SPES should not, however, be used by pregnant women, epileptics(癫病患者), people who have pacemakers fitted(装上起搏器)and those who are taking certain prescribed drugs.
It is reported that only a part of people experience in their life.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
A.When to hold the meeting
B.When is held the meeting
C.When hold the meeting
