第二篇 Doubtful Ways to Reduce and Increase Your Weight You hear this:“No wonder you are - 试题答案网问答

第1题

第二篇Not content with its doubtful claim to produce cheap food for our own population, th

第二篇

Not content with its doubtful claim to produce cheap food for our own population, the factory farming industry also argues that "hungry nations are benefiting from advances made by the poultry(家禽) industry". In fact, rather than helping the fight against malnutrition(营养不良) in "hungry nations", the spread of factory farming has, inevitably aggravated the problem.

Large-scale intensive meat and poultry production is a waste of food resources. This is because more protein has to be fed to animals in the form. of vegetable matte than can ever be recovered in the form. of meat. Much of the food value is lost in the animal' s process of digestion and cell replacement. Neither, in the case of chicken, can one eat feathers, blood, feet or head. In all, only about 44% of the live animal fits to be eaten as meat.

This means one has to feed approximately 9～10 times as much food value to the animal than one can consume from the carcass. As a system for feeding the hungry, the effects can prove disastrous. At times of crisis, grain is the food of life.

Nevertheless, the huge increase in poultry production throughout Asia and Africa continues. Normally British or US firms are involved. For instance, an American based multinational company has this year announced its involvement in projects in several African countries. Britain's largest suppliers of chickens, Ross Breeder, are also involved in projects all over the world.

Because such trade is good for exports, Western governments encourage it. In 1979, a firm in Bangladesh called Phoenix Poultry received a grant to set up a unit of 6,000 chickens and 18,000 laying hens. This almost doubled the number of poultry kept in the country all at once.

But Bangladesh lacks capital, energy and food and has large numbers of unemployed. Such chicken-raising demands capital for building and machinery, extensive use of energy resources for automation, and involves feeding chickens with potential famine- relief protein food. At present, one of Bangladesh' s main imports is food grains, because the country is unable to grow enough food to feed its population. On what then can they possibly feed the chicken？

In this passage the author argues that______。

A. efficiency must be raised in the poultry industry

B. raising poultry can provide more protein than growing grain

C. factory farming will do more harm than good to developing countries

D. hungry nations may benefit from the development of the poultry industry

点击查看答案

第2题

It is doubtful that there was a more successful comedy team in the 20th century （1) the Three St

It is doubtful that there was a more successful comedy team in the 20th century(1)the Three Stooges. Larry, Moe, and Curly became famous for their many short movies(2)extraordinary comedy. In their movies, they found many ways of(3)funny actions. They attracted large audience and received a lot of(4). However, their movies also(5)criticism. Some people who didn't like the Three Stooges(6)they were too violent. In a TV interview Moe and Larry were roused to(7)themselves. Their coarse brand, they said, shouldn't be taken(8). It was just "cartoon violence".

The Stooges got their name and their start in an act(9)Ted Healy and His Stooges. This act began(10)the way for their exceedingly successful career.(11), the team was composed of Larry, Moe and Shemp.(12), Shemp left for a career in more serious movies. When Shemp left, Curly took his(13). Shemp's clumsy character returned in 1946 after Curly(14)a stroke.

Moe was the heart and soul of the team, acting as(15)their main comic force and their director. He was responsible(16)scripting many of the jokes. He'd also spend time providing his services as their business manager. In 1934 the team began a series of comedy shorts that numbered more than 200(17)they ceased in 1958,(18)won them numerous fans.(19)all the criticism, the Three Stooges are undoubtedly the most famous comedy team that history.(20)invented.

点击查看答案

第3题

American's genius with high technology may have put men on the moon, but there is growing

skepticism about its ability to solve human problems closer to home.

In fact, a subtle but significant shift from purely technological solutions is already under way as scientists argue openly for new directions in research.

A growing number of scientists insist that answers to the world's problems will not come from a flashier array of electronics and machines. Instead, as they see it, solutions must evolve from a better understanding of the humans that drive the system and from a fuller appreciation of the limits and potential of the earth's resources.

What this means is an increased emphasis on the life and earth sciences, on sociology, psychology, economies and even philosophy.

More and more of the best minds in science, particularly young researchers, are being &awn into these developing fields.

All this is not to say that technological creativity will not play a critical role in solving energy and food shortages, or that answers to environmental difficulties will not come from further advances in the same technologies that may have helped cause the problems.

Where the real challenge lies, in the view of the new breed of scientists, is in finding ways to produce goods to meet the world's needs, using less of the raw materials that are becoming scarce.

Which of the following best expresses the main idea？

A．A growing number of Americans are doubtful about what high technology can do in solving the world's problems.

B．Many scientists are beginning to believe that the better understanding of human beings will play a more decisive role in solving the world's problems.

C．More and more young scientists are trying their best to find new ways to solve the world's problems.

D．Technological creativity will still play a very important part in solving the world's problems.

点击查看答案

第4题

America's genius with high technology may have put men on the moon, but there is growing s

kepticism (怀疑) about its ability to solve human problems closer to home.

In fact, a subtle but significant shift from purely technological solutions is already under way as scientists argue openly for new directions in research.

A growing number of scientists insist that answers to the world's problems will not come from a flashier array of electronics and machines. Instead, as they see it, solutions must evolve from a better understanding of the humans that drive the system and from a fuller appreciation of the limits and potential of the earth's resources.

What this means is an increased emphasis on the life and earth sciences, on sociology, psychology, economics and even philosophy.

More and more of the best minds in science, particularly young researchers, are being drawn into these developing fields.

All this is not to say that technological creativity will not play a critical role in solving energy and food shortages, or that answers to environmental difficulties will not come from further advances in the same technologies that may have helped cause the problems.

Where the real challenge lies, in the view of the new breeds of scientists, is finding ways to produce goods to meet the world's needs, using less of the raw materials that are becoming scarce.

Which of the following best expresses the main idea？

A．A growing number of Americans are doubtful about what high technology can do in solving the world's problems.

B．Many scientists are starting to believe that the better understanding of human beings will play a more decisive role in solving the world's problems.

C．More and more young scientists are trying their best to find new ways to solve the world's problems.

D．Technological creativity will still play a very important part in solving the world's problems.

点击查看答案

第5题

根据下列材料请回答 36～40 题：Doubtful Ways to Reduce and Increase Your WeightYou hear this：

根据下列材料请回答 36～40 题：

Doubtful Ways to Reduce and Increase Your Weight

You hear this：“No wonder you are fat.All you ever do is eat.”You feel sad：t “I skip my breakfast and supper.I run every morning and evening.What else can I do？”Basically you can do nothing。Your genes，not your life habits，determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it.

Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that，“80 percent of the children of two obese(肥胖的)parents become obese，as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weight.”

How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting？ Well，dieting can be effective, but the health costs are tremendous.Jules Hirsch，a research physician at Rockefeller University, did a study of eight fat people。They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.After more than 1 0 weeks，the subjects lost 45ka on average.But after leaving the hospital，they all regained weight.The results were surprising：by metabolic(新陈代谢的)measurement，fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving.They had psychiatric problems.They dreamed of food or breaking their diet.They were anxious and depressed;some were suicidal.They hid food in their rooms.Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesn'tresult In normal weight，but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved non—obese people.

Thin people，however, suffer from the opposjte ：They have to make a great effort to gain weight.Ethan Sims，of the University of Vermont，got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight？In four to six months，they ate as much as they could.They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent。But months after the study ended.they were back to normal weight and stayed there.

This does not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight.It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly baffle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight。the findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true—each person has a comfortable weight range.The range might be as much as 9kg.Someone might weigh 60_69kg without too much effort.But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult.The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks.

第 36 题 What determines your weight？

A．Your working manner

B．Your eating habit

C．Your life style

D．Your genes

点击查看答案

第6题

Doubtful Ways to Reduce and Increase Your WeightYou hear this: "No wonder you are fat. All

Doubtful Ways to Reduce and Increase Your Weight

You hear this: "No wonder you are fat. All you ever do is eat." You feel sad: "I skip my breakfast and Supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can I do？" Basically you can do nothing. Your genes, not your life habits, determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it.

Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that, "80 percent of the children of two obese (肥胖的) parents become obese, as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weight."

How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting？ Well, dieting can be effective, but the health costs are tremendous. Jules Hirsch, a research physician at Rockefeller University, did a study of eight fat people. They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day. After more than 10 weeks, the subjects lost 45kg on average. But after leaving the hospital, they all regained weight. The results were surprising: by metabolic (新拜代谢的) measurement, fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving. They had psychiatric problems. They dreamed of food or breaking their diet. They were anxious and depressed; some were suicidal. They hid food in their rooms. Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesn't result in normal weight, but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved non-obese people.

Thin people, however, suffer from the opposite: They have to make a great effort to gain weight. Ethan Sims, of the University of Vermont, got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six months, they ate as much as they could. They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent. But months after the study ended, they were back to normal weight and stayed there.

This does not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight. It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight.

The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true - each person has a comfortable weight range. The range might be as much as 9kg. Someone might weigh 60-69kg without too much effort. But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult. The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks.

What determines your weight？

A．Your working manner.

B．Your eating habit,

C．Your life style.

D．Your genes.

点击查看答案

第7题

第二篇 New U.S. Plan for Disease Prevention Urging Americans to take responsibility f

第二篇 New U.S. Plan for Disease Prevention

Urging Americans to take responsibility for their health, Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson on Tuesday launched a $15 million program to try to encourage communities to do more to prevent chronic diseases like heart disease,cancer and diabetes (糖尿病).

The initiative highlights the costs of chronic diseases--the leading causes of death in the United States-and outlines ways that people can prevent them, including better diet and increased exercise.

"In the United States today, 7 of 10 deaths and the vast majority of serious illness, disability and health care costs are caused by chronic diseases," the Health and Human Services department said in a statement.

The causes are often behavioral-smoking, poor eating habits and a lack of

exercise.

"1 am convinced that preventing disease by promoting better health is a smart policy choice for our future," Thompson told a conference held to launch the initiative.

"Our current health care system is not structured to deal with the rising costs of treating diseases that are largely preventable through changes in our lifestyle. choices."

Thompson said heart disease and strokes will cost the country more than $351

billion in 2003.

"These leading causes of death for men and women are largely preventable, yet we as a nation are not taking the steps necessary for us to lead healthier, longer lives," he said.

The $15 million is designed to go to communities to promote prevention, pushing for changes as simple as building sidewalks to encourage people to walk more.

Daily exercise such as walking can prevent and even reverse heart disease and diabetes, and prevent cancer and strokes.

The money will also go to community organizations, clinics and nutritionists who are being encouraged to work together to educate people at risk of diabetes about what they can do to prevent it and encourage more cancer screening.

The American Cancer Society estimates that half of all cancers can be caught by screening, including Pap tests (巴氏试验) for cervical (子宫颈的) cancer, mammograms (乳房X线照片) for breast cancer, colonoscopies (结肠镜检查), and prostate (前列腺的) checks.

If such cancers were all caught by early screening, the group estimates that the survival rate for cancer would rise to 95 percent.

第 36 题 Which of the following is NOT true of chronic diseases in the US？

A．They account for 70% of all deaths.

B．They are responsible for most of the health care costs.

C．They often result in unhealthy lifestyles.

D．They are largely preventable.

点击查看答案

第8题

第二篇：C级 Football Football is, I suppose, the most popular game in England: one has o

nly to go to one of the important matches to see this. Rich and poor, young and old, one can see them all there, shouting and cheering for one side or the other. One of the most surprising things about football in England to a stranger is the great knowledge of the game which even the smallest boy seems to have. He can tell you the names of the players in most if the important teams. He has photographs of them and knows the results of a large number off matches. He will tell you, with a great air of authority, who he expects will win such and such a match, and his opinion is usually as valuable as that of men three or four times his age. Most schools in England take football seriously --much more seriously than nearly all-European schools, where lessons are all-important, and games are left for private arrangements. In England, it is believed that education is not only a matter of filling a boy\'s mind with facts in a classroom; education also means character training. One of the best ways of training character is by means of games, especially team games, where the boy has to learn to work with others for his team, instead of working selfishly for himself alone. The school therefore arranges games and matches for its pupils. Football is a good team game, it is good exercise for the body, it needs skill and a quick brain, it is popular and it is cheap. As a result, it is the school\'s favorite game in the winter.

第36题：In England football is a game enjoyed

A) only by young people.

B) only by rich people.

C) only by boys.

D) by people of all ages and classes.

点击查看答案

第9题

Men have distinguished themselves from other animals, and in doing so secured their surviv

al by the ability to observe and understand their environment and then either to adapt to that environment or to control and adapt it to their own needs. The process of careful observation, perception of a pattern in the phenomena observed, followed by use of this knowledge, has largely inspired the area of human activity known as "science".

It has also provided the basis for the traditional methodology of science. It includes objective observation, description of some phenomena, the statements of hypotheses(假说) about the events observed and possible relationships among them, the use of these to predict future events, the evidence of the hypotheses and the construction of a theory based on the evidence of the hypotheses.

But the classic "scientific method" has been criticized from a variety of points. To begin with, it is obvious that the "objectivity" of science strictly characterizes only the lowest order of scientific activity—observation. Even here it is doubtful whether anyone can be a truly impartial observer of events.

What someone chooses to observe and the way one observes it must, after all. in part be a reflection of experience and of ideas as to what is important. Consider, for example, the different ways in which an artist and a layman look at a painting and the different reactions they have to the same work. The construction of hypotheses and theories reflects the scientist's interpretation of what he or she has observed even more clearly than observation. At this stage of the scientific method, an element of subjectivity is inevitably present. This can most easily be seen in the extreme case of scientists of truly creative genius. Galileo, for example, challenged the scientists of his day with his hypothesis that the earth revolved around the sun. A twentieth century example is Watson and Crick's discovery of the molecular structure of DNA. Obviously, science may involve not only careful observation but also a willingness to be creative.

Human beings differ from animals because they can ______.

A．adapt to their environment

B．control their environment

C．adapt the environment to their need

D．observe and understand their environment

点击查看答案

第10题

第二篇Listening to Birdsong A male zebra finch （雀科鸣鸟) chirps （鸣) away to himself. Su

第二篇

Listening to Birdsong

A male zebra finch (雀科鸣鸟) chirps (鸣) away to himself. Suddenly he notices a female bird nearby. He realizes he has an audience and immediately changes his song. Can the female tell the difference in his performance？ According to a new study, the female zebra finch knows. And she prefers the special trills he creates when he sings to her. A male zebra finch changes his song when singing to a female in ways that people can barely detect. But the female finch can tell the difference.

Scientists had noticed slight variations in the songs of male zebra finches based on whether they were singing alone or whether there was a female (and potential mate) nearby. With an audience, the males sped up the pace of their songs and controlled the notes they used.

For this study, .researchers Sarah C. Woolley and Allison Doupe at the University of California, San Francisco decided to focus attention on the listening females, which have not been well studied in the past.

In the study, Woolley and Doupe set up a long cage with a sound speaker at each end. One broadcast the sound of a male zebra finch singing to himself, like someone singing in the shower. The other speaker broadcast a male performing for a female audience, as if he was giving a concert.

Female birds were placed between the two speakers. Some of the birds had mates, others didn't. The females shifted around a bit, and then most of them hopped over to sit beside just one speaker. All the birds that made a clear choice liked songs meant for a female audience, even if they'd never met the male.

Mated females also had a chance to listen to two different performance songs, one from an unknown male, and one from their mate. They spent more time listening to the concert version of their mates' songs, this suggests that after a while, females learn to recognize - and prefer - the songs of their mates.

Scientists then studied the brains of the females. They found certain areas of the brain perked up (活跃起来) when the birds listened to the concert songs. These brain areas may be involved in recognizing and evaluating the songs, and storing the memories of them.

This research deals with what's called directed communication, when the communicator, or sender, focuses the message for a specific audience. One example is the way morns speak to their babies. Mothers around the world use the same sort of high-pitched sing-song chatter (喋喋不休), and the babies respond best to those sounds. Songbirds are one of the only other species known to learn their communication, in this case their songs.

36 Which of the following is true about birdsongs？

A Female zebra finches are too shy to sing before males.

B Male zebra finches sing louder than females.

C Male zebra finches change their songs to attract females.

D Female zebra finches like to listen to unknown males sing

点击查看答案

第二篇 Doubtful Ways to Reduce and Increase Your Weight You hear this：“No wonder you are