题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
Many of the "Dutch" expressions were invented with derogatory (贬义) sense, because ______.
A．the Dutch were underdeveloped people.
B．Britain and Holland were competitors at that time.
C．The Dutch had many bad habits.
D．The British were superior to the Dutch.
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更多“Many of the "Dutch" expression…”相关的问题
A．550, 000.
B．275, 000.
C．110, 000.
D．852
In the Dutch culture a leader is
A．someone who is serious and supportive.
B．someone who has to go through many difficulties.
C．someone who is nice and considerate.
There are many other "Dutch" expressions in English, many of which were invented in Britain in the seventeenth century, when the Dutch and the English were commercial and military rivals. The British used "Dutch" to refer to something bad, cheap and sham. A "Dutch bar- gain" at that time was an uneven, one-sided deal; "Dutch reckoning" was an unitemized account; and "Dutch widow" was slang for prostitute. Later centuries brought in "Dutch courage", for bravery induced by drink; "Dutch concert", for discordant music; "Dutch nightingale", meaning a frog; and "double Dutch", for incomprehensible language, or unintelligible talk.
Some of the expressions are still in use today, but some are not. In fact, in American English, some "Dutch" expressions have nothing to do with the Dutch, but something with the Ger- man. It was probably because of the similar spelling and pronunciation that people made a mistake in distinguishing between "Dutch" and "Deutsch" (the German word for German), when German immigrants came to America in the 1700s. For instance, "the Pennsylvania Dutch" refers to the German descendants, instead of the Dutch descendants, living in Pennsylvania.
If someone invites you to dinner and says "let's go Dutch", he means ______.
A．that he'll invite you to a Dutch restaurant.
B．That he'll buy your dinner.
C．That you'll buy his dinner.
D．That you are expected to pay your own meal.
How Americans Celebrate Christmas
Christmas is America' s most popular holiday. Some people will attend church and observe Christmas as the birthday of Christ. For others, Christmas is just a day of fun and celebration, a time for family and friends to gather together, exchange gifts and enjoy a huge holiday dinner. Christmas Day will need weeks of preparations. Since the last days of November American homes and stores have been decorated with Christmas trees and bright lights. Schools and churches have been presenting special holiday concerts. People have been going to parties, finding gifts and preparing special Christmas food. For a large number of Americans, Christmas is surrounded by more traditions than any other holiday. Yet, many of these traditions are not really very old ones in the United States. In fact, the nation's first settlers would have. been very surprised to see how Americans celebrate Christmas today.
People in other parts of the world, of course, have been celebrating Christmas for many centuries. In fact, December was a winter holiday season in northern and southern Europe even before the birth of Christ. And the ancient Romans celebrated the New Year on December twenty-fifth. Some experts believe that is why the Roman Catholic Church set the birth of Christ on that day. Christians borrowed other Christmas traditions from ancient times. In the years before Christ, for example, people honored the evergreen tree as a sign of life after death. For Christians, it became a sign of Christ's birth. By the 16th century Roman Catholics in Europe were celebrating Christmas with lively parties filled with eating and drinking. Many of the first Europe an settlers in America, however, disapproved of such customs. They believed people should honor God in simpler, quieter ways, so Christmas became a day just like any other day for most people in America's northern colonies.
In America' s southern colonies, however, the Church of England became the established religion. Its traditions were closer to those of Roman Catholic Church. So it became common for people on large farms in the south to celebrate Christmas with huge dinners and dancing. And in many parts of America, smaller groups of settlers from other western European countries observed Christmas with their own national customs. After 1,800, all these people began to mix together more and they began to borrow Christmas traditions from each other. Settlers from Ger many, for example, observed Christmas by cutting live evergreen trees and covering them with candies and fruit. By the middle of the 19th century, people all over America were putting up evergreen trees at Christmas. Dutch settlers in New York were most responsible for creating another popular American tradition--Santa Claus.
The story of Santa Claus began hundreds of years earlier. During the fourth century, a Roman Catholic Church official called Nicholas of Myra became famous for his many good actions. Nicholas was made a saint (圣人) after his death and it became common in northern Europe to hold a celebration on December 6th, the day Nicholas died. All kinds of stories were told about Saint Nicholas and the Dutch brought one of these stories with them to America. They believed that each year the saint rode a white horse from home to home. He gave presents to children who had been good, and coal or straw to children who had been bad. Other Americans who lived nearby greatly enjoyed the Dutch celebrations. They decided to make Saint Nicholas part of their own celebration of Christmas. But he got a new name Santa Claus. It was taken from the Dutch words for Saint Nicholas, Santa Claus. The Dutch imagined Saint Nicholas to be a serious, even frightening person, who would punish as well as give gifts. But in 1822, an American named Clement C. Moore wrote a Christmas poem for his children. The poem, called A Visit From St. Nicholas, created a
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
Which of the following can be chosen as the best title of this passage？
A．The Dykes in the Netherlands.
B．The Three Large Rivers in Holland.
C．The Fighting Against Water in Holland.
D．The Reclaiming of Land in the Netherlands.
第三篇The World Cup
This summer’s World Cup competition will see teams competing to play the world’s best football.But the football they play will not all be of the same kind.The fans expect different styles of play from Brazil,Germany,or Italy.
What makes Brazilian football Brazilian？Our style. of playing football contrasts with the Europeans because of a combination of qualities of surprise,accuracy and good judgment.This style. has won Brazil five world cups.Yet many Brazilian fans only count four of these victories.In 1994,the team abandoned this style. for modern,scientific training and tactics.The team won the cup,but in a boring way.
The ltalians think differently.“To many ltalians,the score 0-0 has a glorious quality,suggesting perfection,”says the British football writer Simon Kuper.In the ltalian culture,the idea of face is very important.This is why ltalian teams are traditionally built around strong defences.The Dutch footballer Johan Cruyff once said that ltalian teams never exactly beat you.It’s just that you often lose to them.
In Holland,there is a tradition of decision making through argument and discussion.It is a society where everybody is expected to have a point of view.“Every Dutch player wants to control the game,”says Arnold Muhren.“You play football with your brains and not your feet.”
“A Dutch player argues,”says Simon Kuper.“An English player obeys his superior.He is a soldier.”The qualities valued in English football are military-strength,aggression and courage.This can make for exciting football.But it also means that the English find it difficult to use skillful players.David Beckham is usually criticized for his failure to defend-despite the fact that he is an attacker.
If the English like to fight,the Germans like to win.In recent years,Germany has tried to change its image as a country of ruthless efficiency and a desire for victory at all costs.But Germans are quite happy for these qualities to remain in their national football team.“Football is a simple game,”Gary Lineker once said.“You kick a ball about for ninety minutes and in the end the Germans win.”
It’s difficult to predict who will win this year’s World Cup.There is no strong favorite.But a look at the track record of previous winners shows that it is the nations with the strongest national characteristics in the football that perform. best.It seems that you need to know where you come from if you want to get to the top.
41.Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Brazilian style. of playing football？
A.Accuracy.
B.Surprise.
C.Good judgment.
D.Ruthless efficiency.
The World Cup
This summer's World Cup competition will see teams competing to play the world's best football. But the football they play will not all be of the same kind. The fans expect different styles of play from Brazil, Germany, or Italy.
What makes Brazilian football Brazilian？ Our style. of playing football contrasts with the Europeans because of a combination of qualities of surprise, accuracy and good judgment. This style. has won Brazil five world cups. Yet many Brazilian fans only count four of these victories. In 1994, the team abandoned this style. for modern, scientific training and tactics. The team won the cup, but in a boring way.
The Italians think differently.” To many Italians, the score 0-0 has a glorious quality, suggesting perfection,” says the British football writer Simon Kuper. In the Italian culture, the idea of face is very important. This is why Italian teams are traditionally built around strong defenses. The Dutch footballer Johan Cruyff once said that Italian teams never exactly beat you. It's just that you often lose to them.
In Holland, there is a tradition of decision making through argument and discussion. It is a society where everybody is expected to have a point of view.” Every Dutch player wants to control the game,” says Arnold Muhren. “You play football with your brains and not your feet.”
“A Dutch player argues,” says Simon Kuper. “An English player obeys his superior. He is a soldier.” The qualities valued in English football are military-strength, aggression and courage. This can make for exciting football. But it also means that the English find it difficult to use skillful players. David Beckham is usually criticized for his failure to defend-despite the fact that he is an attacker.
If the English like to fight, the Germans like to win. In recent years, Germany has tried to change its image as a country of ruthless efficiency and a desire for victory at all costs. But Germans are quite happy for these qualities to remain in their national football team.” Football is a simple game,” Gary Lineker once said.” You kick a ball about for ninety minutes and in the end the Germans win.”
It's difficult to predict who will win this year's World Cup. There is no strong favorite. But a look at the track record of previous winners shows that it is the nations with the strongest national characteristics in the football that perform. best. It seems that you need to know where you come from if you want to get to the top.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Brazilian style. of playing football？
A．Accuracy.
B．Surprise.
C．Good judgment.
D．Ruthless efficiency.
Q: What is said to be special about English vocabulary？
W: Hi, Leo. Why do you say English will become the world language？
M: Well, for one thing, it's so commonly used. The only language that is used by more people is Chinese.
W: Why is English spoken by so many people？
M: It's spoken in many countries of the world because of the British Empire. And now, of course, there's influence of America as well.
W: Many students find English a difficult language to learn.
M: Oh, all languages are difficult to learn. But English does have two great advantages.
W: What are they？
M: Well, first of all, it has a very international vocabulary. It has many German, Dutch, French, Spanish and Italian words in it. So speakers of those languages will find many familiar words in English. In fact, English has words from many other languages as well.
W: Why is that？
M: Well, partly because English speakers have travelled a lot. They bring back words with them, so English really does have an international vocabulary.
W: And what's the other advantage of English？
M: It's that English grammar is really quite easy. For example, it doesn't have dozens of different endings for its nouns, adjectives and verbs, not like Latin, Russian, and German for example.
W: Why is that？
M: Well, it's quite interesting actually. It's because of the French. When the French ruled England, French was the official language and only the common people spoke English. They try to make the language as simple as possible, so they made the grammar easier.
A.It includes a lot of words form. other languages.
B.It has a growing number of newly coined words.
C.It can be easily picked up by overseas travellers.
D.It is the largest among all languages in the world.
W： Hi Leo， why do you say English would become the world language？
M： Well。 For one thing， it’s so commonly used， the only language that is used by more people is Chinese。
W： Why is English spoken by so many people？
M： It’s spoken in many countries of the world because of the British empire。 And now of course is the influence of America as well。
W： Many students find English a difficult language to learn。
M： Oh， all languages are difficult to learn。 But English does have two greatest advantages。
W： What are they？
M： Well， first of all， it has a very international vocabulary。 It has many German， Dutch， French， Spanish and Italian words in it。 So speakers of those languages will find many familiar words in English。 In fact， English has words for many other languages as well。
W： Why is that？
M： Well， partly because English speakers have travelled a lot， they bring back words with them。 So English really does have an international vocabulary。
W： And what is the other advantage of English？
M： It that English grammar is really quite easy。 For example， it doesn’t have dozens of different endings for its nouns， adjectives and verbs， not like Latin， Russian and German for example。
W： Why is that？
M： Well， it’s quite interesting actually， it’s because of the French。 When the French ruled England， French was the official language， and only the common people spoke English。 They tried to make their language as simple as possible。 So they made the grammar easier。
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you’ve just heard。
Q9： What does the man say about Chinese？
Q10： What made English a widely used language？
Q11： What is said to be special about English vocabulary？
