题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
Rising unemployment is ______ serious problems for the administration.
A．forcing
B．pressing
C．posing
D．providing
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更多“Rising unemployment is ______ …”相关的问题
The government has been ______ in the way to treat unemployment and rising prices.
A．continual
B．constant
C．constructive
D．consistent
(27)
A．The problem of inflation could be worsened due to rising unemployment and wage explosion.
B．Because of the rising of unemployment during inflation, there could be a wage explosion.
C．The most serious economic problem in the wake of inflation is a possible wage explosion.
D．A possible way to curb inflation and rising unemployment is to raise the workers' wages dramatically.
A．we are living in a customer culture
B．universities increase tuition fees
C．students have to pay their tuition fees
D．the level of unemployment keeps rising
A.Taking care of an aging population
B.Dampening rising unemployment
C.Overhauling its command economy
D.Cultural conservation
A．drastic measures
B．the ecological effects
C．the marine ecosystem
D．possible rising unemployment
An indication that the money supply is greater than the desirable amount would be______.
A．insufficient spending and excessive saving
B．rising wages and prices
C．inadequate spending and rising unemployment
D．deflation
Economic Growth
The economy of a nation requires (46) . Total output must grow if the country is to absorb about 1.5 million new workers who enter the labor force each year and more workers who are replaced each year as a form. of technological change. If the nation produced the same level of output each year, instead of increasing it, people would have fewer jobs, growing unemployment, and a decline in the per-capita(人均的)income of the nation. To maintain or increase the existing standard of living and to prevent unemployment from rising, (47) . Higher rates of employment and substantial per-capita output gains seem to occur when the real economic growth rate is over 3%, as it was in the years 1983 through 1988. Recent experience shows that, with a real growth rate of less than 2.5%, the U.S. economy suffers from (48) .
For example , unemployment at the end of 1990 was 5.4% of the labor force. But by the end of 1991, unemployment was more than 6.6% of the labor force. Why did this happen？ Simply because the real output of goods and services declined in 1991. New members into the labor force could not be absorbed, so (49) . Furthermore, a large number of workers withdrew from the labor force altogether because (50) . Instead of rising in 1991 , the real GDP actually fell 0.7%. Real GDP rose again in 1992 by 2.6%, but unemployment also rose to 7.3% of the labor force. GDP continued to rise during 1993, gained a 3%. At the same time unemployment stood at 6.8% of the labor force. Per-capita in-come also grew again during 1993.
A．unemployment rose
B．they were unable to find work
C．a healthy rate of economic growth
D．out of work
E．they must increase real gross domestic product (GDP) continuously
F．higher unemployment and limited gains in per-capita output and income
(46)
In 1972 there were critics who said that the State's action in allowing unemployment to rise was a faithless act, a breaking of the social contract between society and the worker. Yet in the main any contribution by employers to unemployment such as laying off workers in order to introduce technological changes and maximize profits tended to be ignored. And it was the unemployed who were accused of failing to honor the social contract, by not fulfilling their duty to society to work. In spite of general concern at the scale to the unemployment statistics, when the unemployed were considered as individuals, they tended to attract scorn and threats of punishment. Their capacities and motivation as workers and their value as members of society became suspect. The unemployed were accused of being responsible for their own workless condition, and doubts were expressed about the State' s obligation either to provide them with the security of work or to support them through Social Security.
Underlying the arguments about unemployment and the unemployed is a basic disagreement about the nature and meaning of work in society. To what extent can or should work be regarded as a service, not only performed by the worker for society but also made secure for the worker by the State, and supported if necessary？ And apart from cash are there social pressures and satisfactions which cause individuals to seek and keep work, so that the workless need work rather than just cash？
What the author proposes to examine is ______.
A．how far the unemployed are to blame for their failure in working and how far it is the State' s fault
B．to what extent the State should insist on the unemployed working if they fail to do so
C．whether being at work is a social duty which the State should ensure everybody carries out
D．whether work should be obligatory, and if so, whether the State or the individual is responsible for the enforced obligation
October 1929 was a month that had catastrophic economic reverberations worldwide. The American stock market witnessed the "Great Crash", as it is called, and the temporary boom in the American economy came to a standstill. Stock prices sank, and panic spread. The ensuing unemployment figure soared to 12 million by 1932.
Germany in the postwar years suffered from burdensome compensation it was obliged to pay to the Allies. The country's industrial capacity had been greatly diminished by the war. Inflation, political instability, and high unemployment were factors helpful to the growth of the initial Nazi party. Germans had lost confidence in their old leaders and heralded the arrival of a messiah-like figure who would lead them out of their economic wilderness. Hitler promised jobs and, once elected, kept his promise by providing employment in the party, in the newly expanded army, and in munitions factories.
Roosevelt was elected because he promised a "New Deal" to lift the United States out of the doldrums of the depression. Following the principles advocated by Keynes, a British economist, Roosevelt collected the spending capacities of the federal government to provide welfare, work, and agricultural aid to the millions of down-and-out Americans. Elected President for four terms because of his innovative policies, Roosevelt succeeded in dragging the nation out of the depression before the outbreak of World War II.
Except for the recession years of 1949, 1954, and 1958, the rate of economic growth exceeded the rate of productivity increase. However, in the late 1950s productivity and labor force were increasing more rapidly than usual, while the growth of output was slower than usual. This accounted for the change in employment rates.
But if part of the national purpose is to reduce and contain unemployment, arithmetic is not enough. We must know which of the basic factors we can control and which we wish to control. Unemployment would have risen more slowly or fallen more rapidly if productivity had in creased more slowly, or the labor force had increased more slowly, or the hours of work had fallen more steeply, or total output had grown more rapidly. These are not independent factors, however, and a change in any of them might have caused change in the other.
A society can choose to reduce the growth of productivity, and it can probably find ways to frustrate its own creativity. However, while a reduction in the growth of productivity at the expense of potential output might result in higher employment in the short run, the long-run effect on the national interest would be disastrous.
We must also give consideration to the fact that hidden beneath national averages is continuous movement into, out of, between, and within labor markets. For example, 15 years ago, the average number of persons in the labor force was 74 million, with about 70 million employed and 3.9 million unemployed. Yet 14 million experienced some term or unemployment in that year. Some were new entrants to the labor fore; others were laid off temporarily, the remainder were those who were permanently or indefinitely severed from their jobs. Thus, the average number unemployed during a year understates the actual volume of involunatary displacement that occurs.
High unemployment is not an inevitable result of the pace of technological change but the consequence of passive public policy. We can anticipate a moderate increase in the labor force accompained by a slow and irregular decline in hours or work. It follows that the output of the economy--and the aggregate demand to buy it--must grow by more than 4 percent a year just to prevent the unemployment rate from rising, and by even more if the unemployment rate is to fall further. Yet our
A．productivity rises at the same rate as growth of the labor force
B．productivity and labor force increase at a greater rate than output
C．output exceeds productivity
D．rate of economic growth is less than the number of man-hours required
