Food and Cancer Medical Experts have suspected for many years that there is a strong link - 试题答案网问答

第1题

Who is Dr. Wynnie Chan？A．A researcher for the Food Standards Agency.B．A nutrition scientis

Who is Dr. Wynnie Chan？

A．A researcher for the Food Standards Agency.

B．A nutrition scientist for the British Nutrition Foundation.

C．A cancer specialist at the British Cancer Foundation.

D．A government official for the Food Standards Agency.

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第2题

Food may cause forty percent of cancer in the world.A．RightB．WrongC．Not mentioned

Food may cause forty percent of cancer in the world.

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

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第3题

According to the last paragraph, tissues' lower exposure to alcoholA.reduces the risk

According to the last paragraph, tissues' lower exposure to alcohol

A.reduces the risk of laryngeal cancer

B.explains why inflammation triggers cancer

C.accounts for why food can cover digestive-tract tissues

D.is the reason why food can take alcohol off them

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第4题

Which of the following is NOT a research finding about "drinking with meals"？A.I

Which of the following is NOT a research finding about "drinking with meals"？

A.It lowers cancer risk compared with drinking without food

B.It increases by 20 percent the risk of cancer in all the four sites

C.It may be a cause of cancer

D.It does not eliminate cancer risk at any of the four sites

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第5题

听力原文：The food we eat seems to have produced profound effects on our health. Although s

听力原文： The food we eat seems to have produced profound effects on our health. Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that eight percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is relined to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon (结肠). Different cultures are more prone to contract certain illness became of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is not a new discovery. In 1945, government researchers realized that nitrates (硝酸盐) and nitrites (亚硝酸盐), commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other food additives, caused cancer. Yet, these additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult to know which things on the packaging labels of processed foods are helpful or harmful. The additives that we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and administered to animals not for medical purposes, but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animal in order to obtain a higher price on the market, Although the Food and Drug Administration has repeatedly tried to control these procedures, the practices continue.

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A．It has made many additives.

B．It has caused most cancers.

C．It makes some cultures more prone to cancer.

D．It has made many foods unfit to eat.

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第6题

Food and CancerMedical experts have suspected for many years that there is a strong link b

Food and Cancer

Medical experts have suspected for many years that there is a strong link between what a person eats and cancer. They say a new study provides the first evidence that vitamins could reduce a person's chance of developing cancer. A team of Chinese and American scientists did the study. They are from American National Cancer Institute and the Cancer Institute of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences in Beijing. The Journal of the National Cancer Institute published the results of the study. About thirty thousand people between the ages of 40 to 69 took part in the study. They were from the northern central Chinese area of Linxian. Most of them took vitamins and minerals every day for five years.

Linxian was chosen because the people there have an extremely high rate of cancer of stomach and esophagus. Researchers believe that fungus and molds in local foods may be partly responsible for the high cancer rate. Researchers divided those into eight groups. Seven of the groups received different mixtures of vitamins and minerals daily. The amounts of the vitamins and minerals were 1 to 2 times greater than what American health officials say is needed. The eighth group received sugar pills that had no effect. Those who seemed to gain the most received a mixture of a form. of vitamin A called β-carotene, vitamin E and the mineral selenium. The vitamin and mineral are believed to prevent damage to cells caused by cancer-causing substances. Researchers reported a 13 percent drop in cancer rates in those who took β-carotene, vitamin E and selenium. They also found a 10 percent drop in the number of deaths caused by strokes from bursting blood vessels.

Scientists warn that it is too soon to know if the effect would be the same among people in other countries. They note that the people in Linxian eat foods that lack necessary vitamins and minerals. Chinese officials will continue to record the health records of the people in Linxian for many years. For now officials reportedly are considering using the .results of the study. They want to find a way to improve the health of people in Linxian and other small towns in China.

The results of the new study are unexpected.

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

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第7题

Food and Health The food you eat does more than provide energy. It can have a dramatic eff

Food and Health

The food you eat does more than provide energy. It can have a dramatic effect on your body’s ability to fight off heart disease, cancer, diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke, and weak bones. With remarkable consistency, recent research has found that a diet high in plant-based foods—fruits, vegetables, dried peas and beans, grains, and starchy staples such as potatoes—is the body’s best weapon in thwarting many health-related problems. These foods work against so many diseases that the same healthy ingredients you might use to protect your heart or ward off cancer will also benefit your intestinal tract and bones.

Scientists have recently estimated that approximately 30 to 40 percent of all cancers could be avoided if people ate more fruits, vegetables, and plant-based foods and minimized high-fat, high-calorie edibles that have scant nutritional value. Up to 70 percent of cancers might be eliminated if people also stopped smoking, exercised regularly, and controlled their weight. In the past, researchers had linked fat consumption with the development of cancers, but they currently believe that eating fruits, vegetables, and grains may be more important in preventing the disease than not eating fat. “The evidence about a high-fat diet and cancer seemed a lot stronger several years ago than it does now,” says Melanie Polk, a registered dietitian and director of nutrition education at the American Institute for Cancer Research.

The road to strong bones is paved with calcium-rich food. Leafy green vegetables and low-fat dairy products are excellent sources of calcium, the mineral that puts stiffness into your skeletal system and keeps your bones from turning rubbery and fragile. Your body uses calcium for more than keeping your bones strong. Calcium permits cells to divide, regulates muscle contraction and relaxation, and plays an important role in the movement of protein and nutrients inside cells. If you don’t absorb enough from what you eat to satisfy these requirements, your body will take it from your bones. Because your body doesn’t produce this essential mineral, you must continually replenish the supply. Even though the recommended daily amount is 1,200 mg, most adults don’t eat more than 500 mg. One reason may have been the perception that calcium-rich dairy products were also loaded with calories. “In the past, women, in particular, worried that dairy products were high in calories,” says Letha Y. Griffin, M. D., of Peachtree Orthopaedics in Atlanta. “But today you can get calcium without eating any high-fat or high-calorie foods by choosing skim milk or low-fat yogurt.” Also, low fat dairy products contain phosphorous and magnesium and are generally fortified with vitamin D, all of which help your body absorb and use calcium. If you find it difficult to include enough calcium in your diet, ask your doctor about supplements. They’re a potent way to get calcium as well as vitamin D and other minerals. But if you rely on pills instead of a calcium-rich diet, you won’t benefit from the other nutrients that food provides. Getting the recommended vitamin D may be easy, since your body makes the vitamin when your skin is exposed to the sun’s rays.

Which kind of food is recommended to prevent heart disease, cancer, diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke, and weak bones？______

A．Calcium-rich food.

B．Plant-based and starchy staples food.

C．High-fat, high-calorie food.

D．Vitamin D-rich food.

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第8题

Food and Health The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health. Although sci

Food and Health

The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health. Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat, it has at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon (结肠). Different cultures are more likely to develop certain illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is not a new discovery. In 1945, government researchers realized that nitrates (硝酸盐)commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other food additives, accused cancer. Yet, these additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin(青霉素) to beef and poultry(家禽),and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cows. Sometimes similar drags are administered to animals not for medicinal purposes, hut for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.

As a result of scientific intervention (介入) ,some harmful substances have been added to our food.

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

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第9题

Irradiating FoodIrradiating fruits, vegetables, pork and chicken to kill insects and bacte

Irradiating Food

Irradiating fruits, vegetables, pork and chicken to kill insects and bacteria has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration over the past decade or so. Irradiation of other meats, such as beef and lamb, is being reviewed. Federal approval does not require that industry adopt the process, and few food processors presently offer irradiated products.

Market studies have shown that many consumers are afraid that eating irradiated foods may cause cancer, despite scientific studies that prove the safety of treated foods. Some people argue that more severe government inspection, higher food-safety standard and more careful-preparation practices by consumers are all that is needed to ensure that food is safe. Consequently, companies currently see no need to spend millions of dollars outfitting processing plants with the equipment necessary for a process that very few shoppers are in favor of.

All supermarkets that sell irradiated food must label the food either directly on the packaging, or, in the case of bulk items like fruits and vegetables, by placing a sign nearby. There is no requirement for the labeling of irradiated food served by chain restaurants or hospitals that buy directly from distributors, nor any regulations for products that contain irradiated ingredients.

Presently, the FDA allows food to be treated with three types of radiation -- gamma rays (伽马射线), high-energy electrons, and X rays -- and sets limits on doses, depending on the type of food. The principle is that the dose to be used for a certain type of food should not exceed the amount that is sufficient to kill most harmful insects and bacteria present in it. Different types of food, because of their molecular compositions, may require different doses of radiation.

Killing insects and bacteria present in foods by irradiating is completely approved by the US government.

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

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第10题

"Don't Drink Alone" Gets New Meaning In what may be bad news for bars and pu

"Don't Drink Alone" Gets New Meaning

In what may be bad news for bars and pubs, an European research group has found that people drinking alcohol outside of meals have a significantly higher risk of cancer in the mouth and neck than do those who drink with food. Luigino Dal Maso and his colleagues studied the drinking patterns of l,500 patients from four cancer studies and another 3,500 adults who had never had cancer.

After the researchers accounted for the amount of alcohol consumed, they found that individuals who downed a significant share of their alcohol outside of meals faced at least a 50 t0 80 percent risk of cancer in the oral cavity(口腔) , pharynx (咽 ) , and esophagus(食管) , when compared with people who drank only at meals. Consuming alcohol without food also increased by at least 20 percent the likelihood of laryngeal cancer(喉癌). "Roughly 95 percent of cancers at these four sites traced too smoking or drinking by study volunteers, " Dal Maso says. The discouraging news his team reports, is that drinking with meals didn't eliminate cancer risk at any of the sites.

For their new analysis, the European scientists divided people in the study into four groups,based on how many drinks they reported having in an average week. The lowest-intake group included people who averaged up t0 20 drinks a week. The highest group reported downing at least 56 cups of alcohol weekly for an average of eight or more per day. Cancer risks for the mouth and neck sites rose steadily with consumption even for people who reported drinking only with meals. For instance, com-pared with people in the lowest-consumption group, participants who drank 21 t0 34 alcohol cups a week at least doubled their cancer risk for all sites other than the larynx. If people in these consump-tion groups took some of those drinks outside meals, those in the higher consumption group at least quadrupled(四倍) their risk for oral cavity and esophageal cancers.

People in the highest-consumption group who drank only with meals had lo times the risk of oral cancer, 7 times the risk of pharyngeal cancer, and 16 times the risk of esophageal cancer compared with those who averaged 20 0r fewer drinks a week with meals. In contrast, laryngeal cancer risk the high-intake, with-meals-only group was only triple that in the low-intake consumers who drank with meals.

"Alcohol can inflame(使发炎) tissues. Over time, that inflammation can trigger cancer. " Dal Maso says. He suspects that food reduced cancer risk either by partially covering digestive-tract (消化道) tissues or by scrubbing alcohol off those tissues. He speculates that the reason laryngeal risks were dramatically lower for all study participants traces to the tissue's lower exposure to alcohol

Who are more likely to develop cancer in the mouth and neck？

A.People who drink alcohol outside of meals

B.People who drink alcohol at meals

C.People who never drink alcohol

D.People who drink alcohol only at bars and pubs

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