题目内容
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How many planets orbiting other stars have the two scientists discovered so far？
A．100.
B．69.
C．66.
D．65.
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更多“How many planets orbiting othe…”相关的问题
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So Many "Earths"
The Milky Way (银河) contains billions of Earth-sized planets that could support life. That&39;s the finding of a new study. It draws on data that came from NASA&39;s top planet-hunting telescope.＜br＞
A mechanical failure recently put that Kepter space telescope out of service..Kepler had played a big role in creating a census of planets orbiting some 170,000 stars. Its date have been helping astronomers predict how common planets are in our galaxy. The telescope focused on hunting planets that might have conditions similar to those on Earth.＜br＞
The authors of a study published in The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences conclude that between 14 and 30 out of every 100 stars with a mass and temperature similar to the Sun may host a planet that could support life as we know it. Such a planet would have a diameter at least as large as Earth&39;s but no more than twice that big. The planet also would have to orbit in a star&39;s habitable zone. That&39;s where the surface temperature would allow any water to exist as liquid.＜br＞
The new estimate of how many planets might fit these conditions comes from studying more that 42,000 stars and identifying suitable worlds orbiting them. The scientists used those numbers to extrapolate (推算) to the rest of the stars that the telescope could not see.＜br＞
The estimate is rough, the authors admit. If applied to the solar system, it would define as habitable a zone starting as close to the Sun as Venus and running to as far away as Mars. Neither planet is Earthlike (although either might have been in the distant past). Using tighter limits, the researchers estimate that between 4 and 8 out of every 100 sunlike stars could host an Earth-sized world. These are ones that would take 200 to 400 days to complete a yearly orbit.＜br＞
Four out of every 100 sunlike stars doesn&39;t sound like a big number. It would mean, however, that the Milky Way could host more than a billion Earth-sized planets with a chance for life
The Kepler space telescope has been in service for 15 years. 查看材料
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
根据短文回答 36～40 题。
Life in the Universe
Many scientists today are convinced that life exists elsewhere in the universe － life probably much like that on our own planet. They reason in the folio, wing way.
As far as astronomers (天文学家) can determine, the entire universe is built of the same matter. They have no reason to doubt that matter obeys the same laws in every part of the universe. Therefore, it is reasonable to guess that other stars, with their own planets, were born in the same way as our own solar system. What we know of life on earth suggests that life will arise wherever the proper conditions exist.
Life requires the right amount and kind of atmosphere. This .eliminates all those planets in the universe that are not about the same size and weight as the earth. A smaller planet would lose its atmosphere; a larger one would hold too much of it.
Life also requires a steady supply of heat and light. This eliminates double stars, or tars that flare up (闪耀) suddenly. Only single stab that are steady sources of heat and light like our sun would qualify.
Finally, life could evolve only if the planet is just the right distance from its sun. With a weaker sun than our own, the planet would have to be closer to it. With a stronger sun, it would have to be farther away.
If we suppose that every star in the universe has a family of planets, then how many planets might support life？ First, eliminate those stars that are not like our sun. Next, eliminate most of their planets; they are either too far from or too close to their suns. Then eliminate all those planets which are not the same size and weight as the earth. Finally, remember that the proper conditions do not necessarily mean that life actually does exist on a planet. It may not have begun yet, or it may have already died out.
This process of elimination seems to leave very few planets on which earthlike life might be found. However, even if life could exist on only one planet in a million, there are so many billions of planets that this would still leave a vast number on which life could exist.
第 36 题 Astronomers believe that matter in different parts of the universe（）
A．obeys different laws
B．obeys one common law
C．obeys the same laws
D．obeys no common law
As far as astronomers can determine, the entire universe is built of the same matter. They have no reason to doubt that matter obeys the same laws in every part of the universe. Therefore, it is reasonable to guess that other stars, with their own planets, were born in the same way as our own solar system. What we know of life on earth suggests that life will arise wherever the proper conditions exist.
Life requires the right amount and kind of atmosphere. This eliminates all those planets in the universe that are not about the same size and weight as the earth. A smaller planet would lose its atmosphere, a larger one would hold too much of it.
Life also required a steady supply of heat and light. This eliminates double stars, or stars that flare up suddenly. Only single stars that are steady sources of heat and light like our sun would qualify.
Finally, life could evolve only if the planet is just the right distance from its sun. With a weaker sun than our own, the planet would have to be closer to it. With a stronger sun, it would have to be farther away.
If we suppose that every star in the universe has a family of planets, then how many planets might support life？ First, eliminate those stars that are not like our sun. Next, eliminate most of their planets, they are either too far from or too close to their suns. Then eliminate all those planets which are not the same size and weight as the earth. Finally, remember that the proper conditions do not necessarily mean that life actually does exist on a planet. It may not have begun yet, or it may have already died out.
This process of elimination seems to leave very few planets on which earthlike life might be found. However, even if life could exist on only one planet in a million, there are so many billions of planets that this would still leave a vast number on which life could exist.
Astronomers believe that matter in different parts of the universe ______.
A．has different laws
B．has one common law
C．shares the same laws
D．shares no common law
The trouble starts when we come to estimate the probability that life will emerge on any of these planets. The problem is that we don' t have a good theory of the origin of life on earth. Without one, it is anybody' s guess how likely this event actually was. Out of thin air Aczel conjures (想像) the figure of 1 in a trillion for this likelihood and concludes that the probability of life existing on at least one other planet is virtually 1.
Statistics are extremely powerful and important, and Aczel is a very clear and capable exponent (倡导者) of them. But statistics cannot substitute for empirical (经验主义的) knowledge about the way the universe behaves. We now have no reasonable way of arriving at robust estimates for the probability of life arising spontaneously when the conditions are right. So, until we either discover extraterrestrial (外星球的) life or understand far more about how at least one form. of life--terrestrial life--first appeared, we can do little more than guess at the likely hood that life exists elsewhere in the universe. And as long as we' re merely guessing, we should not dress up our interesting speculations as mathematical certainties.
The term "Out of thin air" in Line 3 of Paragraph 2 can be best replaced by ______.
A．convincingly
B．confidently
C．groundlessly
D．suitably
As far as astronomers can determine, the entire universe is built of the same matter. They have no reason to doubt that matter obeys the same laws in every part of the universe. Therefore, it is reasonable to guess that other stars, with their own planets, were born in the same way as our own solar system. What we know of life on earth suggests that life will arise wherever the proper conditions exist.
Life requires the right amount and kind of atmosphere. This eliminates all those planets in the universe that are not about the same size and weight as the earth. A smaller planet would lose its atmosphere; a larger one would hold too much of it.
Life also requires a steady supply of heat and light. This eliminates double stars, or stars that flare up suddenly. Only single stars that are steady sources of heat and light like our sun would qualify.
Finally, life could evolve only if the planet is just the right distance from its sun. With a weaker sun than our own, the planet would have to be closer to it. With a stronger sun, it would have to be farther away.
If we suppose that every star in the universe has a family of planets, then how many planets might support life？ First, eliminate those stars that are not like our sun. Next eliminate most of their planets; they are either too far from or too close to their suns. Then eliminate all those planets which are not the same size and weight as the earth. Finally, remember that the proper conditions do not necessarily mean that life actually does exist on a planet. It may not have begun yet, or it may have already died out.
This process of elimination seems to leave very few planets on which earthlike life might be found. However, even if life could exist on only one planet in a million, there are so many billions of planets that this would still leave a vast number on which life could exist.
第36题：Astronomers believe that matter in different parts of the universe
A) has different laws.
B) has one common law.
C) shares the same laws
D) shares no common law.
Perhaps the best way to think of our present situation is to imagine a train coming into a switchyard. All of the switches are set before the train arrives, so that its path is completely determined. Some switches we can see, others we can not. There is no ambiguity if we can see the setting of a switch: we can say with confidence that some possible futures will not materialize and others will. At the unseen switches, however, there is no such certainty. We know the train will take one of the tracks leading out, but we have no idea which one. The unseen switches are the true decision points in the future, and what happens when we arrive at them determines the entire subsequent course of events.
When we think about the future of the universe, we can see our "track" many billions of years into the future, but after that there are decision points to be dealt with and possible fates to consider. The goal of science is to reduce the ambiguity at the decision points and find the true road that will be followed.
According to the passage, it is difficult to be certain about the distant future of the universe because we ______.
A．have too many conflicting theories
B．do not have enough funding to continue our research
C．are not sure how the universe is put together
D．have focused on investigations of the moon and planets
Where did Holmes and his friend spend for file night？
A．In a tent.
B．In a room.
C．At a hotel.
Though challenged by many people, Aczel firmly believes that ______.
A．about 1 million planets in our galaxy are suitable for life
B．it is very likely for life to exist on other planets
C．life exists in approximately 150 billion stars in our galaxy
D．there are a very large number of planets suitable for life
Why did it take the scientists so long a time to find the new planets？
A．Because they are much darker than their parent stars.
B．Because there are too many of them.
C．Because there is too much light in the universe.
D．Because they are next to a huge explosion.
